496 Havpon— The Actiniaria of Torres Straits. 
fig. 3), that they scarcely seem to be the same species. P. erucifer (Les.), as 
described by MeMurrich (Journ. Morph., 1889, p. 51), appears to resemble the 
latter form; while the species known as P. pinnulatum, Mart., P. muscosus, 
H. & S., and Thelaceros rhizophorw, Mitch., appear to be allied to the first 
type; indeed I should not be surprised if these three proved to be the same 
species. 
M*Murrich was the first to give any anatomical description of this genus. The 
mesenteries are arranged in four cycles in P. crucifer, ‘‘ of which the first consists 
of twelve mesenteries, which are attached to the stomodzum throughout its full 
extent; the second, likewise of twelve, has them attached only about half-way 
down the stomodeum”; the remainder are entirely imperfect; ‘all the mesen- 
teries, even the directives, are gonophoric.” ‘There is no special sphincter 
muscle distinct from the ordinary endodermal muscle layer of the column, and, 
consequently, there is no infolding of the disk in contraction.” 
Klunzinger (1877, p. 87) refers in a footnote to a Phymanthus in the Berlin 
Museum, with much branched appendages to the tentacles which Martens collected 
at Singapore, and which he named P. pinnulatum. Ido not know whether this 
form has been technically described. 
P. loligo (Khr.). P. pinnulatum, Mart. 
P. crucifer (Les.). P. muscosus, H. & 8. 
Phymanthus muscosus, H. & 8. 
Phymanthus muscosus, Hadd. and Shackl., 1893, Proc. R. D. S., viii., p. 122; Saville- 
Kent, 1893, “‘ Barrier Reef,” p. 149, chromo pl. iii., fig. 5. 
(Pl. XXV., figs. 10-14; Pl. XXXL, fig. 9.) 
Form.—Column soft, lower portion smooth, upper portion of column with 
forty-eight rows of small wart-like suckers, which gradually increase in size from 
below upwards, and culminate in a crenulated parapet; disk flat, completely re- 
tractile ; mouth small, round; the two gonidial grooves are not ordinarily apparent 
in the live animal; ‘“ tentacles,” ninety-six in number, bearing lateral and sym- 
metrical dendritic appendages, which are alternately large and small; on the oral 
disk are numerous wart-like tentacles arranged in radial rows. 
Colour (A).—Column pale slaty grey, darker above than below ; central portion 
of disk greenish, with a large number of irregular scattered small white rings, 
with dark centres; this area is darker peripherally ; outer portion of disk creamy 
or dull white, mottled or spotted with dull greyish green; tentacles pale slaty 
