22 FUMIGATION METHODS 
slightly, as shown in Fig. 5, while a tree given a 
normal dose, 0.25 gramme, is seen in Fig. 4. Ino.75 
gramme the top was killed about one-third the way 
down, as seen in Fig. 6. ‘The engravings are self- 
explanatory, and show the deadening effect with the 
varying degrees of gas from the top downward. From 
0.75 gramme to I.oo gramme it was variable. In 
some instances the whole top was killed. From 1.00 
gramme up to the highest amount used, 1.45 grammes, 
a curious fact was noticed. In almost every case the 
injury was not as great above I.oo gramme as below 
0.75 gramme. In 1.35 and even 1.45 the trees were 
only slightly injured at the top, as seen in Fig. 7, 
resembling the effects produced where 0.50 gramme 
was used.- 
June-buds, grafts, and buds.—Young peach and 
plum trees, known as June-buds, should not be fumi- 
gated with the stronger doses. Tests made in 1898 show 
that nursery stock of this kind will not withstand the 
gas when generated with cyanide above 0.18 gramme 
per cubic foot. Any wood not well matured is liable 
to be injured if a greater amount of cyanide is used. 
For stock of this character 0.16 to 0.18 gramme cya- 
nide per cubic foot is recommended, at an exposure of 
one-half hour and nolonger. Thescale, under ordinary 
circumstances, is destroyed when fumigated with 0.12 
to 0.14 gramme cyanide. The 0.15 to 0.18 formula 
can be used with perfect safety on buds, grafts, and 
scions. 
Roses and other supplies.—In fumigating roses and 
other materials handled by florists the cyanide should 
