1916] Chandler: Structure of Feathers 369 
narrow, pith more than a single cell in thickness, the vanules placed 
at a low level on sides, so that rami are as high above as below 
the attachment of barbules. Ventral ridge narrow and inconspicu- 
ous. Distal and proximal vanules with about 30 and 22 barbules 
per millimeter respectively. 
Inner vane—Distal barbules (pl. 31, fig. 78a) short and broad, 
about 0.25 by 0.05 mm., the ventral contour sinuate, and ventral 
teeth small and fingerlike. Pennulum about as long as base, but 
very frequently broken off just distal to hooklets. Hooklets mod- 
erately long and slender, progressively increasing in length. Ven- 
tral cilia straight, inflexible, and subequal in size, the first two 
slightly longer and closer together on account of crowding together 
of cells. Dorsal cilia rudimentary, except proximal 2 or 38, which 
are enlarged and lobate, especially on more distal portion of barb. 
Proximal barbules (pl. 31, fig. 785) relatively large, the base about 
0.55 by 0.05 mm.; ventral teeth short, triangular and inconspicuous ; 
pennulum a little shorter than base, and considerably flattened for 
most of its length. 
Outer vane.—Distal barbules very similar to those of inner vane, 
except that dorsal cilia are entirely absent, and hooklets are 
usually 6 in number. Pennulum has some tendency to break off 
distal to hooklets. Proximal barbules on outer part of barb (pl. 31, 
fig. 78c), with relatively small, slender base, and long pennulum 
with a well-developed series of ventral cilia which are strongly 
hooked and reminiscent of the Galli in their high development. 
(2) Other Feathers 
Back feathers characterized by long narrow base of distal bar- 
bules (0.36 by 0.035 mm.) with small, fingerlike ventral teeth, and 
reduced barbicels, very much as in the Cuculiformes, the hooklets 
usually 3 in number, but not pronged. Proximal barbules exceed- 
ingly slender, the base about 0.55 mm. by 0.03 mm., ventral teeth 
c 
short and pointed, 4 or 5 in number, pennulum somewhat shorter 
than base and flattened, but not as much so as in remiges. Breast 
feathers of same type, but barbicels of distal barbules more re- 
duced, the cilia being small and the hooklets only two in number, 
but frequently pronged. Proximals as in back feathers. 
b) Other Types 
Momotidae.—Remiges in Momotus strikingly similar to Coracias 
in all details of structure, the pennula of the proximal barbules 
slightly broader and more jagged in outline on account of rudi- 
mentary backward-projecting barbicels. Body feathers with more 
reduced barbicels than in Coracias, often, especially on outer half 
of barbs, reduced to mere undifferentiated filaments. 
Meropidae.—Merops viridis like Coracias, but proximal barbules 
on terminal half of barbs of outer vane more slender, with fewer 
and less well-developed barbicels. 
