272 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 
the entire winter near Independence, one on Mill Creek and 
one on the Little Blue. 
The Kingfisher is a familiar bird along the entire length of 
the Blue River and excavates its nesting burrows in the high 
banks in and near Swope Park. It is not often found on the 
Missouri itself, perhaps because the minnows on which it feeds 
are hatched and spend their early life in the tributaries. 
Order PICI. Woodpeckers, ete. 
Family Picipan. Woodpeckers. 
CAMPEPHILUS PRINCIPALIS (Linn.). Ivory-billed Woodpecker. 
Former resident; now extinct. 
This shy forest bird has long ago disappeared pane this 
locality as well as from the entire state. 
Its haunts were in the deep woods of the Missouri bottoms. 
The species is listed as a former resident on the authority of 
Judge Guinotte and others. 
DRYOBATES VILLOSUS VILLOsuS (Linn.). Hairy Woodpecker. 
Fairly common resident. 
The Hairy Woodpecker seems to be more numerous in winter 
than in summer. It is perhaps a little wilder than the following 
species and is not so often seen in the city. It is also more dis- 
criminating in its selection of a nesting site, choosing a less ae- 
cessible place. 
It is present throughout the year and may be looked for in 
any wooded territory. The eggs are laid late in April or May. 
DRYOBATES PUBESCENS MEDIANUS (Swainson). Downy Wood- 
pecker. ; 
Common resident. 
The Downy is perhaps our commonest woodpecker and is 
found everywhere about trees during the entire year. 
it is a very confiding bird during severe winter weather and 
will readily come about the house for any scraps of meat or 
suet that may be offered. It is also a frequenter of weedy 
patches during winter and loves to rattle among the dead stalks 
looking for insect larvae and eggs. It is also a great hunter in 
orchards and is one of the most beneficial of our common birds. 
