60 FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF 



SUSCEPTIBILITY OP DIFFERENT VINES TO THE ATTACKS OF THE LOUSE. 



I have carefully examined a great many different kinds of vines within 

 a circuit of thirty miles of St. Louis, as well as in Cole, Jefferson and Boone 

 counties, in this State, and the summary which follows indicates the sus- 

 ceptibility of the different varieties to this disease. There may be objec- 

 tion on the part of some persons to the placing of some of the varieties in 

 the following tables; and the opinions both of botanists and vine-growers 

 are so at variance that I shall give in the subsidiary note* ni}^ reasons for 



♦Classification of the N. A. Grape-vines. — In few geneva of plants, is it more necessary tc 

 accumnlate abundant material in order to arrive at correct classification, than in the genus Vitis. 

 The species are with difficulty defmed, as they vary in a marked manner in diflierent sections of the 

 country; and the foliage of the same individual vine often varies greatly at different ages and seasons. 

 Preserved leaves are not alone to be trusted, therefore, but every stage of growth must be considered, 

 from the wood to the different leaves, the blossom, bimch, berrj' and even the seed, which in its 

 shape, and especially in the development of its raphe (or cord) furnishes, according to Dr. Engel- 

 mann, some of the most permanent distinguishing traits between the sjjecies. 



It is interesting to know that not a single real species has been added to those belonging to the old 

 territory of the United States, east of the Mississippi river, since the time of Linnaeus and Michaux; 

 though Ratinesque, LeConte, and perhaps others, have attempted to distinguish a great many more. 



The number of Grape-vines bearing edible fruit, * now considered species bj' tlie best botanists, 

 in the territory of the United States, is limited to 9. They may be tabulated as follows: * 



I, ViiiPS which five of pt'tictical consequence, as having yielded our different cultivated vari- 

 eties. 



1. Vitis Labrusca, Linn. Northern Fox. 



2. " .estivali.s, Michx. Summer Grape. 



0. " RiPAKiA, Michx. River Bank Grape. 



4. " vuLPiNA, Linn. Southern Fox, or Muscardine. 



II. Vines of less consequence, and which have thus far given no cultivated varieties. 



5. Vitis COUDIFOLIA, Michx. W^inter or Frost Grape. 

 (5. " Californic.v, Benth. Confined to California. 



7. " Arizonica Engelm. Similar to the last. 



8. " cardigans, Engelm. Mustang Grape of Texas. 



9. " rupestuis, Scheele. Bush Grape or Sand Grai)e. 



Of these 9 species only 4 grow wild in our own State, viz: eestivalis, cordifoUa, riparin, and ru- 

 pestris. 



lu stating last year (3rd Rep. p. 90) that our cultivated varieties had been referred to four species, 

 including cordifoUa and omitting riparia, I followed the later editions of Gray's Manual, in which the 

 latter is considered as a variety of the former. The reasons for adopting a different course will be 

 found in the following synopsis which has Ijeen kindly prepared for me by the author: 



THE TRUE GRAPE-VINES OF THE OLD UNITED STATES. 



BY DR. GEORGE ENGELMANN, OF ST. LOUIS. 



1. Crrape-vines tvith loose bnrJe (at last separating in shreds), climbing by the aid of 

 branched tendrils, or (in Xo. 4) scarcely climbing at all. 



a. Berries smrtll, 3 — 6 or rarely 7 lines in diameter; seeds ohtuse, ivith the raphe (or cord) more or less promi- 

 nent (except in No. 4) over the top. All the species of this group, just like the European grape-vine, ex- 

 hibit on well groivn shoots a regular alternation of two leaves each having a tendril (or its equivalent, 

 an inflorescence) , opposite to them, and a thirdjcaf without such a tendril. 



1. ViTis COUDIFOLIA, Michaux — Usually tall, climbing high, trunks not rarely 6 — ^9 inches in di- 

 ameter. Leaves middle sized, heart-shaped, mostly entire or rarely slightly tri-lobed, with shallow 

 broad teeth, usually smooth and shining on both sides, the young ones sometimes slightly downy be- 

 low; berries among thi> smallest; in large bunches, black without a bloom, maturing late in the fall, 

 usually wirh only one short and broad seed mii-ked by a prominent raphe. 



This is a comnvm plant esi)ecially of the river-bottoms, and well known under the name of Winter 

 grape. Frost graije or Chicken grai)e. It is found from New England to Texas, ami westwai'd to the 

 western limits of the -wooded part of the Mississiii])i valley. In this valley, at least, the fruit has a 



♦There ari- a few s))ecies forming the sections (or aceordinu: to others, genera) Omits and Ampelop- 

 «is- wliich an- now cl issi»d with 17/?.?; but they bear no edil)le fruit, and are otherwise easily distin- 

 guislied from the true Graiie-vines. 



