OF THE STATE ENTOiAIOLOGlST. 63 



of Duval county, to the New Yorlc Tribune of September 4th, 1872, 

 in which he speaks of the galls being abundant on what is known 

 there as the Madeira or St. i\.ugustine Grape, and upon the wild 

 vines. 



ITS SPREAD IN EUROPE. 



In France, the Phylloxera has continued its ravages, and is spread- 

 ing in Provence and Vaucluse, but not to the same extent in ITIerault. 

 So threatening, indeed, has it become that the French Academy of 

 Science has a standing Phylloxera committee, and M. d'Armand, at 

 one of its sittings, demanded that the premium of 20,000 francs, 

 oftered by the government for a remedy, be increased to 500,000, or, if 

 necessary, to 1,000,000 Irancs. The plague is also spreading in Portu- 

 gal and Switzerland, and in some parts of Germany; while in Eng- 

 land it is doing serious damage to hot-house grapes. 



MORE PACTS ABOUT THE GALES; THEIR TRANSIENT NATURE. 



In the year 1870, and previously, the Clinton vine was always the 

 most seriously affected by the leaf-galls; but an interesting change 

 has since been manifested in the taste of the gall-making form 

 igallmcola) of our Phylloxera. In 1871, it became less numerous in 

 this part of the country, and very generally abandoned the leaves of 

 the Clinton and fell upon those of the Taylor; and what is still more 

 singular, this same change was noticed in France in one case where 

 these vines were cultivated in proximity. I have made many obser- 

 vations which prove this change to have been quite general, and shall 

 cite a few instances in the foot-note* in corroboration. In 1872, I had 

 such difficulty to find galls on either the Clinton, the Taylor or any 

 other variety, in the early part of the season, that certain intended 

 experiments and observations upon the Gall-louse were effectually 

 frustrated. In some vineyards, later in the season, I found galls on 

 Delaware, and a few, more or less perfectly formed, on Concord, and 

 more especially on Herbemont. There seems to have been a persist- 

 ent attempt on the part of the young lice to form their dwellings on 

 the leaves of this last variety; but in almost every instance the at- 

 tempt was fruitless, and the louse died soon after the gall commenced 

 forming. On these vines, where the galls were suddenly arrested in 



*Mr. T. W. Gny, of Sulphur S])riugs, had Clintons covered with galls in 1870, which, in 1871, 

 were entirely free from them. Mr. Chas. Peabody, of Glenwood, also had Clintons covered in 1870, 

 while in 1S71 there were no galls in his vineyard, excejjt sparsely on the Delaware vines. Dr. H. 

 Clagett, of Gray's Summit, had Clintons covered in 1870, fewer in 1871, and in 187:2 could lind none in 

 his vineyard. Mr. J. Squires, of DeSoto, and Mr. N. DeWyl, of Jefferson City, report a similar expe- 

 rience. Mr. O. S. Westcott, of Chicago, Ills., informs me that a striking instance came under his 

 observation of an abundance of galls on Clintons in Kendall county, in 1870, succeeded by an entire 

 lack of them in 1871. Dr. LeBaron rejiorts a similar experience. M. Laliman writes that at IJor- 

 deaus the Gall-louse, which had !>*•*»■'* abundant on Clinton in 1870, left that variety and went on to the 

 Tavlor in 1871. 



