BLOOD-SUCKING ARTHROPODA. 



93 



Chironomidae (Midges) : — genus Ceratopogon. 



With few exceptions, the blood -sucking 

 species at present known are confined 

 to the genus Ceratopogon, which is uni- 

 versally distributed, and at the present 

 time comprises some hundred and eleven 

 described species. The blood-sucking 

 habit, however, is exceptional in the 

 genus, and is limited to the female sex. 



Fig. 1. — Ceratopogon . 

 (X 12.) 



Uganda. 



Simulidae (in India known as Sand-flies ; in the United States 

 as Black Jlies, Buffalo-gnais, and Turkey -gnats). 



This family consists of the single genus Simnlutm, which is uni- 

 versally distributed, and of which some sixty-six species, difficult to 



Fig. 2. — Simulium sp. ? . Vernon, B. Cohimbia. 

 (X 12.) 



distinguish one from another, have been described up to the present 

 time. The females of some of these flies, which are among the most 

 dreaded of all blood-sucking Diptera, sometimes occur in enormous 

 swarms, and by their attacks upon horses, mules, and cattle, especially 



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