Appendix, 



bird, which looks much shorter. If this list serves 

 to make the unscientific acquainted with the com- 

 moner birds of California it will fulfill its mission. 



ARTIFICIAL KEY TO CALIFORNIA LAND 



BIRDS. 



In using the key note first whether the bird in 

 question belongs among the game birds (grouse, 

 pigeons, etc.), the birds of prey (h-awks, owls, 

 etc.), the woodpeckers, or the hummingbirds. If 

 it fits in any of these famihar groups find the page 

 of the proper key. If not, observe the general 

 artificial groups of A, crested birds, and B, un- 

 crested birds. If it is not in the small group of 

 crested birds, note next the five main divisions 

 according to color and markings: 



I. Males with black predominating. Females 

 sometimes partly brownish or white. Page 240. 



II. Birds with some bright conspicuous color, 

 at least in the male. This color may be either 

 blue, red, or yellow. Page 241. 



III. Birds without any conspicuous color, but 

 with either a trace of yellow, markings or patches 

 of rufous, olive-green or iridescent green. Page 



247. 



IV. Birds without any conspicuous color (dull 

 browns, grays, bluish grays, etc.), but with some 

 special markings of black, dark brown or white. 

 Page 251. 



V. Birds without any conspicuous color and 

 with no especially pronounced markings. Page 



257. 



Having determined in which of the above main 

 divisions a given bird belongs, commence with the 



238 



