Appendix, 



are yellow, greenish, gray and black. They 

 have characteristic twittering call-notes. The 

 male willow goldfinch in summer is bright yellow, 

 with black cap, wings and tail, the two latter 

 marked with white. In winter the plumage 

 changes to a pale brownish and yellowish, 

 lighter below, with black wings and tail as in 

 summer. The female in summer is olive above 

 and dusky yellow below. Tolerably common 

 resident in California, but locally distributed. 

 Indistinguishable except in minute details from 

 the American goldfinch. 



1 1 2. Arkansas or Green-bacKed Goldfinch ; 

 Astragalinus psaltria (Say). 



Length four and half inches or less. Cap black; 

 back bright olive-green; wing black with white 

 bar; under parts bright yellow. Female olive- 

 brownish tinged with green above, and olive- 

 gray tinged with yellow below. An exceed- 

 ingly abundant resident of the valleys and foot- 

 hills. 



113. Lawrence's Goldfinch; Astragalinus law- 

 rencei (Cass.). 



Length four and a half inches or more. Cap 

 black; back grayish brown tinged with yellow; 

 wing black edged with yellow; throat black; 

 breast yellow; belly yellow. Young gray, 

 darker above, the wing-feathers edged with yel- 

 low. Generally distributed throughout the 

 valleys and foothills; rare about San Francisco 

 Bay. 



