Appendix. 



141. Western Tanager; ''Louisiana" Tanager; 

 Pirangd ludovicia?ia (Wils.). 



Size of a large finch. Length seven inches. 

 Head and neck bright red, sometimes deepening 

 to crimson. Back, wings and tail black, the 

 wings crossed by two yellow bars; rump and 

 entire lower parts bright yellow; the throat and 

 breast with more or less of a scarlet tinge. Fe- 

 male olive-greenish or grayish above; below yel- 

 low or pale olive-gray. Two faint wing bars 

 of lighter shade. Wooded portions of the 

 State, breeding in the mountains, migrating 

 through the valleys. A beautiful species, quiet 

 and retiring in habits. 



THE SWALLOW FAMILY. 



Birds of swift and sustained flight, with long, sharp 

 wings, short and flattened bill, the mouth open- 

 ing very wide, and short, weak feet. They are 

 among our most abundant and familiar birds, 

 living upon insects caught upon <-he wing. The 

 wings are not vibrated with the frequency or 

 rapidity of the swift's, the swallows depending 

 more upon sailing. 



142. Western Purple Martin; Progne sub is hes- 

 peria Brewst. 



Largest of the swallows (length eight inches). 

 Male glossy bluish black above and below. 

 Female whitish and grayish below, bluish black, 

 less clear above. A noisy and conspicuous spe- 

 cies, social in habits. Coast Mountains and in- 

 terior valleys of California. 



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