342 LARUS EBURNEUS. 
the ship ‘Rivalen, Edy. H. Johannsen, who took them as above stated in 
lat. 80° 9’ N. Ten of the eggs were offered to me, and I would gladty have 
become possessed of all of them, had full particulars been at first forthcoming. 
As it was, I only succeeded, after a somewhat long correspondence, in obtaining 
these two, which seem not to be a pair, and they had meanwhile been sold to 
someone else, from whom Herr Foslie recovered them. He informed me 
that they were the smallest of the nineteen: indeed they are quite as small 
as Kittiwakes’, but they may be genuine for all that. I lent both of them to 
Mr. Oswin Lee to draw. <A nest, eges, and two young birds, obtained at the 
same time as these (but by Capt. Harrison, and belonging to the Troms6 
Museum), were sent by Professor Collett for exhibition to the meeting of the 
Zoological Society, 5 June, 1888 (Proc. Zool. Soe. 1888, pp. 291, 292).] 
[§ 4670. One—Cape Mary Harmsworth, Franz Josef Land, 
7 August, 1897. From the Jackson-Iarmsworth 
Expedition, through Mr. Dresser, 1905. 
Thanks to Mr. Drezser I became possessed of this egx. Notwithstanding 
his long stay in Franz Josef Land, it would seem that Mr. Jackson found only 
one breeding-place of the Ivory-Gull, and that was net until his last day in 
the country, and at its extreme western point. Tle writes (‘A Thousand Days 
in the Arctic,’ ii. p. 405) :—“ Immediately we landed we saw large numbers 
of shrieking and screaming Ivory Gulls collected in isolated colonies all over 
the two or three miles of bare stony ground. As we advanced we saw patches 
of old moss in yarious directions, which proved to be nests of this Gull. As 
we came up to them the birds became exceedingly excited, swooping down 
upon us with loud screeches and screams within a foot or two of our heads, 
and one or two of our party were even struck by them. In nearly all cases 
the nests were empty, owing to our late arrival, but a few contained young 
birds, and other young ones were running about in scores. Fortunately a few 
nests had eggs in them still, and I collected twelve . . . . As we advanced 
across the tongue of land, we came upon other patches of nests, and as we 
approached their owners took up the excitement ... . The birds belonging 
to the previous colony quieted down as we left it, and their screeches and 
demonstrations ceased. In nearly all cases the nests were empty, but in some 
I found a single egg, and in two cases two eggs. The nests consisted of a low 
cone-shaped pile of dry moss, with here and there a white feather or two. 
‘They were 6 inches high with a base of from 2 feet to 30 inches, in thos: I 
measured, with a slight depression at the top where the eggs were laid, 
I took a number of photographs of these nests with the eggs and young birds; 
also one with the parent bird sitting on a nest containing two eggs, which I 
again photographed after it had flown off. I also took several photographs of 
the general aspect of the breeding ground. Had we been there a few weeks 
earlier we could literally have obtained hundreds of eggs.’’ In a communi- 
cation to My. Frohawk, printed in the same volume (p. 395), Mr. Jackson 
adds that the only vezetation of the ground where these birds were nesting 
“consisted of a few lichens, mosses, a saxifrage, and a grass growing in the 
et 
