APPENDIX: NO. XVI. Ey 
give for the facts recorded by Mr. Davis? In the first place, we 
declare that because we question the correctness of his views, we are 
not therefore compelled to give satisfactory ones of our own; 
because, upon the general principles of reasoning, this is not required; 
and because, in this particular instance of the Frog, an animal with 
whose habits, feelings, and senses, we have so little in common, it is 
very difficult to explain any part of its conduct. 
But let us consider the circumstances before us. Two Frogs are 
observed acting in an extraordinary manner, close to a spot where 
some hours afterwards a Frog is found imprisoned, in such a way 
that he was most likely in the same state when the other Frogs were 
seen at liberty. Now, at first, it seems highly probable that he was 
the cause of the assembling, and of the excited movements of the 
other Frogs. But we must argue from what we already know of 
the habits of the frog in general, and if we find we do not know 
enough, we must wait for further facts to be ascertained, either by 
accidental or experimental observation. 
First, then, we know that Frogs make at least two or three 
different kinds of noise, which, reasoning from universal analogy, 
we suppose other Frogs to be able to distinguish and understand. 
They have their breeding croak; their cries of despair, when pursued 
by a bird of prey ; and, I think, other sounds expressive of bodily 
pain. Secondly, we know that some of their notes have the effect 
of collecting other Frogs. Thus, in the, spring, the croak proclaims 
the rendezvous for spawning, and in the autumn something of the 
kind may be used to assemble those clusters of Frogs which are 
found hyhernating together ; as we are told that Rattlesnakes, on a 
similar occasion, collect themselves together by means of hissing. 
We only want to know then for certain, whether a Frog, trapped by 
the leg, would sooner or later cry out ;. and then whether this would 
have the effect of collecting others? We have seen, from what we 
know of the Frog, that both these are likely, and it is a likelihood 
much strengthened by what we know of the habits of various other 
animals, a consideration indeed to which we are apt to give too much 
weight. But still there is the climbing and jumping down to be 
accounted for. We reject, for the reasons given before, Mr. Davis’s 
explanation of these actions. We find a difficulty in connecting 
them with the prisoner at all, unless we may consider them the 
result of infatuated excitement about him in the other Frogs. This 
leads us to conjecture whether, after all, he may not himself have 
been playing the same tricks when he was trapped in the blind. 
But, whether it was so, or whether his noise, being merely an 
ordinary croak, deluded the other eager Frogs into false hopes of 
there being something worth going for, we may in either case 
veuture the following suggestions. 
It is a rainy evening in October, the time of day and the sort of 
weather when Frogs are sure to be on the move, and the time 
of year when we may suppose them to be looking out for lodgings 
for the winter. The rain comes streaming from the roof, or is heard 
PART IV. b 
