4 MAMMALIA OF INDIA. 
“Who shall decide when doctors disagree ?” is a quotation that may 
aptly be applied to the question of the classification of man; Cuvier, 
Blumenbach, Fischer, Bory St. Vincent, Prichard, Latham, Morton, 
Agassiz and others have each a system. 
Cuvier recognises only three types—the Caucasian, the Mongolian, 
and the Negro or Ethiopian, including Blumenbach’s fourth and fifth 
classes, American and Malay in Mongolian. But even Cuvier himself 
could hardly reconcile the American with the Mongol; he had the 
high cheek-bone and the scanty beard, it is true, but his eyes and his 
nose were as Caucasian as could be, and his numerous dialects had no 
affinity with the type to which he was assigned. 
Fischer in his classification divided man into seven races :— 
1st.—Homo japeticus, divided into three varieties—Caucasicus, 
Arabicus and Lndicus. 
2nd.—H. Neptunianus, consisting of—tst, the Malays peopling the 
coasts of the islands of the Indian Ocean, Madagascar, &c.; 2nd, New 
Zealanders and Islanders of the Pacific ; and, 3rd, the Papuans. 
3rd.—H. Scythicus. Three divisions, viz.: 1st, Calmucks and other 
Tartars ; 2nd, Chinese and Japanese ; and, 3rd, Esquimaux. 
4th.— H. Americanus, and 
5th.—H. Columbicus, belong to the American Continent. 
6th.—H. A:thiopicus. The Negro. 
7th.—H. Polynesius, The inland inhabitants of the Malay Peninsula, 
of the Islands of the Indian Ocean, of Madagascar, New Guinea, New 
Holland, &c. 
I think this system is the one that most commends itself from its 
clearness, but there are hardly two writers on ethnology who keep to the 
same classification. 
Agassiz classifies by realms, and has eight divisions. 
The Indian races with which we have now to deal are distributed, 
generally speaking, as follows :— : 
Caucasian.—(Homo japeticus, Bory and Fischer). Northerly, westerly, 
and in the Valley of the Ganges in particular, but otherwise generally 
distributed over the most cultivated parts of the Peninsula, comprising 
the Afghans (Pathans), Sikhs, Brahmins, Rajputs or Kshatryas of the 
north-west, the Arabs, Parsees, and Mahrattas ofthe west coast, the 
Singhalese of the extreme south, the Tamils of the east, and the 
Bengalis of the north-east. 
Mongolians (#7. Scythicus), inhabiting the chain of mountains to the 
north, from Little Thibet on the west to Bhotan on the east, and then 
sweeping downwards southerly to where Tenasserim joins the Malay 
Peninsula. They comprise the Hill Tribes of the N. Himalayas, the 
Goorkhas of Nepal, and the Hill Tribes of the north-eastern frontier, 
viz. Khamtis, Singphos, Mishmis, Abors, Nagas, Jynteas, Khasyas, and 
