8 MAMMALIA OF INDIA. 
not to the actual Peninsula. Sir Emerson Tennent, in his ‘ Natural 
History of Ceylon,’ also mentions and figures three species, of which 
two are not included in Jerdon’s ‘ Mammals,’ though incidentally spoken 
of. I propose to add the Ceylon Mammalia to the Indian, and there- 
fore shall allude to these further on. 
The next group of Indian monkeys is that of the Macaques or 
Magots, or Monkey Baboons of India, the Za/ Sundar of the natives. 
They have simple stomachs and cheek pouches, which last, I dare 
say, most of us have noticed who have happened to give two plantains 
in succession to one of them. 
Although numerically the Zangurs or Entellus Monkeys form the 
most important group of the Quadrumana in India, yet the Gibbons 
(which are not included by Jerdon) rank highest in the scale, though 
the species are restricted to but three—Aj/obates hooluck, H. lar and 
7. syndactylus. They are superior in formation (that is taking man as 
the highest development of the form, to which some people take objec- 
tion, though to my way of thinking there is not much to choose between 
the highest type of monkey and the lowest of humanity, if we would but 
look facts straight in the face), and they are also vastly superior in 
intellect to either the Zangurs or the AMacagues, though inferior perhaps 
to the Ourangs. 
GENUS HYLOBATES—THE GIBBONS, 
Which, with the long arms of the Ourangs and the receding forehead 
of the Chimpanzee, possess the callosities of the true monkeys, but 
differ from them in having neither tail nor cheek pouches. ‘They are 
true bipeds on the ground, applying the sole of the foot flatly, not, as 
Cuvier and others have remarked of the Ourangs, with the outer edge of 
the sole only, but flat down, as Blyth, who first mentions it, noticed it, 
with the thumb or big toe widely separated. 
No. 1. HYLOBATES HOOLUCK. 
The Whitefronted Gibbon. 
Native NamMes.—ooluck, Hookoo. 
HasitTat.—Garo and Khasia Hills, Valley of Assam, and Arracan. 
DESCRIPTION.—Males deep black, marked with white across the 
forehead. Females vary from brownish black to whitish-brown, without, 
however, the fulvous tint observable in pale specimens of the next 
species. 
“Jn general they are paler on the crown, back, and outside of limbs, 
darker in front, and much darker on the cheeks and chin.” —L4z/. 
