TapHozous. Wi 
No. 70. TAPHOZOUS LONGIMANUS. 
The Long-armed Bat (Jerdon’s No. 31). 
Hasitat.—India generally. 
Description.—‘ Ears oval, with many distinct folds, naked except 
at the base; tragus securiform ; fur thick, close, fuscous-black, or dark 
fuscous-brown above; beneath paler, except on the throat, the hairs 
being conspicuously tipped with grey, the upper hairs being all white 
at their base; face nude, and the membrane dark brownish-black ” 
(Jerdon). The gular sac, though represented in the male, is almost absent 
in the female, being but a rudimentary fold of skin ; in this it differs 
from another common Indian species, Z: saccolaimus, in which the 
gular sac is well developed in both sexes, though larger in the male. 
SizE.—Length, 5 inches ; expanse, 15 to 16; tail, 1; fore-arm, 2%; 
tibia, 1 inch. 
This bat frequents old buildings, dark cellars, old ruins, &c.; the young 
are fulvescent, and become darker with age. Blyth states that it has a 
surprising faculty for creeping about on the vertical board of a cage, 
hitching its claws into the minute pores of the wood. 
No. 71. TAPHOZOUS MELANOPOGON. 
The Black-bearded Bat (Jerdon’s No. 32). 
Hasitat.—Common about Calcutta, East Coast of India, Burmah, 
and Cochin China. 
Description.—“ No gular sac, the openings of small pores appearing 
along a line corresponding to the position of the mouth of the gular sac 
in other species ; in some male specimens the hair behind these pores 
is very long, forming a dense black beard” (Dodson). Ears moderate, 
oval, with the outer margin extending under the eyes, dilated into a 
large rounded lobe; the tragus leaf-shaped ; the head, muzzle, and chin 
covered with short hairs. 
Size.—Length of head and body about 34; tail, 3; wing expanse, 
14 inches. 
Horsfield says it occurs in caves in Java inhabited by the esculent 
swallows (Collocalia nidifica), the gelatinous nests of which are used for 
soup by the Chinese. Dobson remarks that the black beard is not 
always developed in the males; he conceives it to be owing to certain 
conditions, probably connected with the amorous seasons. In five 
males in the Indian Museum the beard is well developed ; he found that 
only two per cent. of the Cochin China specimens in the Paris Museum 
possessed it. ' 
