162 MAMMALIA OF INDIA. 
and Tamil, also Pedda-pulli in Telegu; Parain-pulli in Malabar; Audi 
in Caranese; Zagh in Tibet; Swhtong in Lepcha; Zukh in Bhotia. 
These names are according to Jerdon. agh and Sher all Indian 
sportsmen are familiar with. ‘The Gonds of the Central Provinces call 
it Pullial, which has an affinity with the southern dialects. 
Hapitat.—The tiger, as far as we are concerned, is known through- 
out the Indian peninsula and away down the eastern countries to the 
Malayan archipelago. In Ceylon it is not found, but it extends to the 
Himalayas, and ranges up to heights of 6000 to 8000 feet. Generally 
speaking it is confined to Asia, but in that continent it has a wide 
distribution. It has been found as’ far north as the island of Saghalien, 
which is bisected by N. L. 50°. Thisis its extreme north-eastern limit, 
the Caspian Sea being its westerly boundary. From parallel 50° down- 
wards it is found in many parts of the highlands of central Asia. 
DESCRIPTION. —A_ large 
heavy bodied Cat, much de- 
veloped in the fore-quarters, 
with short, close hair of a bright 
rufous ground tint from every 
shade of pale yellow ochre to 
burnt sienna, with black stripes 
arranged irregularly and seldom 
in two individuals alike, the 
stripes being also irregular in 
form, from single streaks to 
loops and broad bands. In 
some the brows and cheeks are 
white, and in all the chin, throat, 
breast, and belly are pure white. 
All parts, however, whether white or rufous, are equally pervaded by 
the black stripes. ‘The males have prolonged hairs extending from 
the ears round the cheeks, forming a ruff, or whiskers as they are 
sometimes called, although the true whiskers are the labial bristles. 
The pupil of the tiger’s eye is round, and not vertical, as stated by 
Jerdon. 
S1zE.—Here we come to a much-vexed question, on which there is 
much divergence of opinion, and the controversy will never be decided 
until sportsmen have adopted a more correct system of measurement. 
At present the universal plan is to measure the animal as it lies on the 
ground, taking the tape from the tip of the nose to the end of the tail. 
I will undertake that no two men will measure the same tiger with equal 
results if the body be at all disturbed between the two operations. If 
care be not taken to raise the head so as to bring the plane of the skull 
ina line with the vertebrz, the downward deflection will cause increased 
—v 
