448 MAMMALIA OF INDIA. 
and Pishin hills, and in the- Hazarah and western ranges. I confess I 
had thought the ibex of these parts to be identical with C. Szdirica. 
Mr. Danford, describing where he met with it, says :— 
“ The picturesque town of Adalia is situated at the head of the gulf 
of the same name, and is the principal place in the once populous 
district of Pamphylia. It is surrounded on its landward side by a wide 
brushwood-covered plain, bounded on the north and north-east by the 
Gok and other mountains of the Taurus, and on the west by the 
Suleiman, a lofty spur of the same range, in which latter the present 
specimens were collected. 
“These mountains, the principal summit of which, the Akdagh (white 
mountain), attains a height of 10,000 feet (Hoskyz), rise abruptly from 
the plain and sea, and are of very imposing and rugged forms. The 
pure grey tints of the marble and marble-limestone, of which they are 
principally composed, show beautifully between the snowy summits, and 
the bright green of the pines and darker shades of the undergrowth of 
oak, myrtle and bay, which clothe their lower slopes. / 
“The wild goat is here found either solitary or in small parties and 
herds, which number sometimes as many as 100; the largest which I saw 
contained 28. It is called by the natives kayeek, which word, though 
applied in other parts of the country to the stag, and sometimes even 
the roe, is here only used to designate the e@gagrus, the fallow deer of 
this district being properly known as jamoorcha. ‘The old males of the 
@gagrus inhabit during summer the higher mountains, being often met 
with on the snow, while the females and young frequent the lower and 
easier ridges ; in winter, however, they all seem to live pretty much 
together among the rocks, scattered pines, and bushy ground, generally 
preferring elevations of from 2000 to 5000 feet. Herr Kotschy says 
they never descend below 4000 feet in Cilicia ; but his observations 
were made in summer. 
“Like all the ibex tribe, the @gagrus is extremely shy and wary at 
ordinary times, though, as in the case with many other animals, they 
may be easily approached during the rutting season. I was told that 
they were often brought within shot at that time by the hunter secreting 
himself, and rolling a few small stones down the rocks. When suddenly 
disturbed they utter a short angry snort, and make off at a canter rather 
than a gallop. Though their agility among the rocks is marvellous, they 
do not, according to Mr. Hutton (‘ Calcutta Journ.’ vii. p. 524), possess 
- sufficient speed to enable them to escape from the dogs which are 
employed to hunt them in the low lands of Afghanistan. It is interesting 
to see how, when danger is dreaded, the party is always led by the oldest 
male, who advances with great caution, and carefully surveys the 
suspected ground before the others are allowed to follow; their food 
consists principally of mountain grasses, shoots of different small species 
— 
