NEMORHEDUS. 455 
powerful beast, considerably larger than a tahr, and longer in the leg. 
The body is covered with very coarse hair, which assumes the form of a 
bristly mane on the neck and shoulders, and gives the beast a ferocious 
appearance, which does not belie its disposition. The colour is a dull 
black on the back, bright red on the sides, and white underneath, the 
legs also being dirty white. The ears are very large, the muzzle is 
coarse, and two singular circular orifices are situated two or three inches 
below the eyes. The horns are stout at the base, are ringed nearly to 
the tips, and curve back close to the neck, growing to the length of from 
nine to fourteen inches ; they are very sharp-pointed, and the serow is 
said to be able to make good 
use of them. 
“ The sexes vary very little, 
less than in any ruminating 
animal with which I am ac- 
quainted ; both are furnished 
with horns of nearly the same 
size, those of an old male 
being rather thicker than 
those of the female. 
“The serow has an awk- 
ward gait ; but in spite of this 
it can go over the worst 
ground ; and it has, perhaps, 
no superior in going down 
steep hills. 
“It is a solitary animal, 
and is nowhere numerous; 
two or three may be found 
on one hill, four or five on ' 
another, and so on. It de- Nemorhedus bubalina. 
lights in the steepest and 
most rocky hill-sides, and its favourite resting-places are in caves, 
under the shelter of overhanging rocks, or at the foot of shady trees. 
It constantly repairs to the same spots, as testified to by the large 
heaps of its droppings which are to be found in the localities above 
alluded to. Although very shy and difficult to find, the serow is a fierce 
and dangerous brute when wounded and brought to bay. I have even 
heard of an unwounded male charging when his mate had been shot. 
“Tt is said that the serow will sometimes beat off a pack of wild 
dogs, and I believe that serow and dogs have been found lying dead 
together. It is’ therefore advisable to be cautious when approaching a 
wounded one. 
‘‘When disturbed, the serow utters a most singular sound, something 
