~Gaveus. 481 
this sub-family may be divided, are oxen, the buffaloes, and the yaks. . 
There are no true bison in our limits, the commonly so-called bison 
being properly a wild ox. The taurine or Ox group is divided into the 
Zebus, or humped domestic cattle ; Zawrus, humpless cattle with cylindri- 
cal horns ; and Gaveus, humpless cattle with flattened horns. 
According to Dr. Jerdon, in some parts of India small herds of zebus 
have run wild. He says :— 
“Localities are recorded in Mysore, Oude, Rohilkund, Shahabad, &c., 
and I have lately seen and shot one in the Doab near Mozuffernugger. 
These, however, have only been wild for a few years. Near Nellore, 
in the Carnatic, on the sea-coast there is a herd of cattle that have been 
wild for many years. ‘The country they frequent is much covered with 
jungle and intersected with salt-water creeks and back-waters, and the 
cattle are as wild and wary as the most feral species. ‘Their horns were 
very long and upright, and they were of large size. I shot one there in 
1843, but had great difficulty in stalking it, and had to follow it across 
one or two creeks.” 
GENUS GAVAEUS. 
Massive head with large concave frontals, surmounted in G. gaurus by 
a ridge or crest of bone ; horns flattened on the outer surface, corrugated 
at the base, and smooth for the rest of the two-thirds, or a little more ; 
wide-spreading and recurved at the tips, forming a crescent ; greenish 
grey for the basal half, darker towards the tips, which are black ; muffle 
small; dewlap small or absent ; the spinous processes of the dorsal ver- 
tebree are greatly developed down to about half the length of the back ; 
legs small under the knee, and white in colour ; hoofs small and pointed, 
leaving a deer-like print in the soil, very different to the splay foot of the 
buffalo. 
No. 464. GAVAUS GAURUE. 
The Gaur, popularly called Bison ( Jerdon’s No. 238). 
Natives NaMEs.—Gaor or Gaori-gai, Bun-boda, Hindi; Boda and 
Bunparra in the Seonee and Mandla districts ; Pera-maco of Southern 
Gonds; Gaotya, Mahrathi; Karkona, Canarese; KXatiuyeni, Tamil : 
JSangli-kulgha in Southern India; Pyowng in Burmah; Sa/andang in the 
Malay countries. Horsfield gives the following names under his Bidos 
asseel: Ast Gayal, Hindi; Seloi, Kuki; P’hanj of the Mughs and Bur- 
mese, and some others which he considers doubtful. 
HasitTat.—Regarding this, I quote at length from Jerdon, whose in- 
quiries were carefully made. He says: ‘“ The gaur is an inhabitant of all 
the large forests of India, from near Cape Comorin to the foot of the Hima 
layas. On the west coast of India it is abundant al! along the Syhadr 
2.1 
