500 MamMALiA OF INDIA. 
at the base of the horns, which coalesce and render them impervious, 
and, the supply of nutriment being thus cut off, the envelopes shrivel up 
and fall off, and the animals perfect the desquamation by rubbing their 
horns against trees, technically called ‘ burnishing.’ ”—/erdon. 
We now begin with the simplest form of tine we have, viz. with one 
basal snag only. 
GENUS CERVULUS—THE MUNTFACS OR RIB-FACED DEER. 
Of small size, slightly higher at the croup than at the shoulders ; 
short tail; large pits in hind feet; no groin-pits; no tuft on the 
metatarsus. This genus is specially characterised, according to Sir 
Victor Brooke, by the absence of the lateral digital phalanges on all 
four feet; the proximal ends of the metacarpals are however present ; 
horns situated on high pedicles of bone, covered with hair, continued 
down the face in two longitudinal ridges, between which the skin is 
ridged or puckered; horns small, composed of a single beam with a 
basal snag; skull with a very large, deep sub-orbital pit; forehead 
concave ; large canine tusks in the upper jaw; moderate, moist muffle. 
No. 470. CERVULUS MUNTJAC ve/ AUREUS. 
The Muntjac or Rib-faced Deer (Jerdon’s No. 223). 
Native Names.—Aakur, Bherki, Jangli-bakra, Hindi; Maya 
Bengali ; Ratwa,in Nepal; Karszar, Bhotia ; Siku or Suku, Lepcha ; 
Gutra, Gutri, Gondi; Bekra or Batkur, Mahrathi ; Kankuri, Canarese ; 
Kuka-gori, Telegu; Gee, Burmese; Kzidang, Javanese; Muntac, 
Sundanese; KAzjang, Malayan of Sumatra; Welly or Hoola-mooha, 
Singhalese. 
Hasitat.—lIndia, Burmah, Ceylon, the Malay peninsula, Sumatra, 
Java, Hainan, Banka and Borneo. 
TDESCRIPTION.—Between the facial ridges the creases are dark brown, 
with a dark line running up the inside of each frontal pedestal; all the 
rest of the head and upper parts a bright rufous bay; chin, throat, 
inside of hind-legs, and beneath tail, white ; some white spots in front 
of the fetlocks of all four legs; fore-legs from the shoulder downwards, 
the legs under the tarsal joints, and a line in front of hind-legs, dark 
blackish-brown. ‘The doe is a little smaller, and has little black bristly 
knobs where the horns of the buck are. 
Size.—Head and body, about 34 feet; tail, 7 inches; height, 26 
to 28 inches. Jerdon gives the size of the horn 8 to ro inches, but in 
this he doubtless included the pedicle, which is about 5 inches, and the 
