520 MAMMALIA OF INDIA. 
fore-arms is such as to economise strength and the effectiveness of their 
excavating instruments. The very doubling up of their toes saves the 
points of their claws. The joints of the fore-fingers bend downwards, 
and are endowed with powerful ligaments ; and in the wrist the scaphoid 
and semi-lunar bones are united by bone, which increases its strength. 
As Professor Martin-Duncan remarks: “ Every structure in the creature’s 
fore-limbs tends to the promotion of easy and powerful digging, and, 
as the motion of scratching the ground is directly downwards and 
backwards, the power of moving the wrist half-round and presenting 
the palm more or less upwards, as in the sloths and in man, does not 
exist. In order to prevent this pronation and supination the part of 
the fore-arm bone, the radius, next to the elbow, is not rounded, but 
forms part of a hinge joint.” He also notices another interesting 
peculiarity in the chest of this animal, the breast-bone being very long ; 
the cartilage at end large, with two long projections resembling those of 
the lizards. ‘There is no collar-bone. 
No. 480. MANIS PENTADACTYLA ov BRACHYURA, 
The Five-fingered or Short-tailed Pangolin (Jerdon’s No. 241). 
NativE Names.—Bajar-kit, Bajra-kapta, Sillu, Sukun-khor, Sal-salu 
Hindi; Shalma of the Bauris ; Avmoi of the Kols ; Kawli-mah, Kauli- 
Manis pentadactyla. 
manjra, Kassoli-manjur, Mahratti; A/awa, Telegu; Adangu, Malabar- 
ese; Bun-rohu in the Deccan, Central provinces, &c. ; Keyot-mach, in 
Rungpore ; Kadfohu, in parts of Bengal ; Cabal/aya, Singhalese. 
Hasirat.—Throughout India. Jerdon says most common in hilly 
districts, but nowhere abundant. I have found it myself in the Satpura 
range, where it is called Bun-rohu. 
