6 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ BULL. 56 
were observed. Remains of the beaver and small rodents, and bones of birds, espe- 
cially the turkey, eagle, hawk, and owl, were noted. 
Remains of the dog and turkey were found in nearly every ruin, showing the 
extent of the domestication of these animals in this region. So far as can be deter- 
mined, the dog and turkey were the only animals domesticated by the pueblo tribes. 
It was hoped that light might have been thrown upon the question of domestication 
of other animals, namely, the deer [citing Nadaillac] and an auchenia (llama), as 
affirmed by Cushing from figurines found on the Rio Salado, in Southern Arizona. 
The writer has copied numerous pictographs in the valley of the Little Colorado 
River showing unmistakably the herding of turkeys and of deer by men. : 
Still, the evidence presented so far as to the domestication of other animals than the 
dog and turkey is unsatisfactory. 
Zoological field work was conducted for slightly less than four weeks 
in the neighborhood of El Rito de los Frijoles in August, 1910, so 
that this account can not be considered in any sense a final discus- 
sion of the fauna of the vicinity. Collection and observation were 
conducted chiefly in the lower part of the Rito de los Frijoles canyon 
and on adjacent mesas, but included a two-day trip to the Painted 
Cave and a three-day trip to the top of the Jemez Mountains and 
edge of Valle Grande, just beyond the headwaters of the Rito, so 
that a general impression of the fauna from the top of the mountains 
to the rim of the Rio Grande canyon was obtained. Judge A. J. 
Abbott, who now lives at El Rito de los Frijoles, Mr. Nathan Dowell, 
who has hunted and trapped in the region, and several of the Indians 
employed in the archeological excavations have furnished much infor- 
mation, which a short summer trip could not disclose. In case of 
the birds especially only observations carried through the four sea- 
sons could make it possible to secure a list even approximately com- 
plete, on account of the number of migratory species which must visit 
the vicinity. Obviously the birds seen were all either permanent or 
summer residents, winter residents and spring and autumn migrants 
being then absent. To the list have been added such species as have 
been recorded for the Rio Grande valley between the Colorado line 
and a point southwestward from Santa Fe, so far as they could be 
noted in the limited examination of the literature which has been 
possible. Time has not permitted as full an examination of the 
zoologic literature of the region as is desirable, and much informa- 
tion is hidden in works whose titles do not suggest at all the inclusion 
of anything zoologic. 
The region is within the southern extremity of the great Rocky 
Mountain system. Northward, mountains extend in unbroken chains 
through Colorado. Southward, instead of continuous chains there 
are isolated mountain masses separated by dry mesas and _ plains. 
Consequently the affinities of the fauna as a whole are with the moun- 
tain fauna of Colorado. The great majority of species are found 
northward to or through Colorado. A few, as Ashmunella, are of 
distinctly southern type. 
