HENDERSON | = PTH NOZOOLOGY OF THE TEWA INDIANS 13 
Reported at Santa Fe by Miller,' 
We observed bats at El Rito de los Frijoles in the evenings of the 
first ten days in August, 1910, but saw none later, and failed to obtain 
any for identification. 
Bats are classed with birds by the Tewa, although the Mexicans of 
the Tewa country call them ratones voladores, ‘flying rats or mice.’ 
Sip'i is said to be applied to any species of bat. 
Ko’?n (akin to Taos kanend, buffalo). 
Bison bison (Linn.). American Bison, Buffalo. 
Although the bison, its habits, and methods of hunting it, are known 
to the Tewa by hearsay, it appears that very few individuals have 
ever seen a bison alive. Old Diego Roybal of San Ildefonso, although 
he loves to tell about the bison, has never seen one. J. M. Naranjo 
of Santa Clara has seen bison on the plains ‘‘about halfway between 
here and Saint Louis.’ In former times the Tewa trafficked in the 
skins and other products, and occasionally hunted the animal on the 
plains to the eastward, before its extermination there. Whole bison 
skins or portions of them, with the hair on, are still to be found 
among the Tewa and are used as ‘‘medicine’’ (wo) and for other 
purposes. Bison horns are also used as headdresses in the bison 
dance (ko'¢n fare) held at San Idefonso on January 24th of each year. 
The Tewa do not know that the bison ever ranged in or west of 
their country. Dr. Allen, in his monograph on the bison,’ says: 
I have found no record of their existence in the highlands of New Mexico, or any- 
where to the westward or southward of Santa Fe. 
Bandelier,? commenting on a Spanish place-name of the region 
south of Santa Fe, says: 
One of these bears the name ‘‘QOjo del Cibolo.’’ This seems to imply that the buffalo 
once ranged as far as the base of the San Francisco and San Pedro Mountains. 
Hornaday, on his map showing the extermination of the bison,‘ 
gives 1840 as the date of its extermination in the Rio Grande Valley 
of northern New Mexico and places the limit of its former range in 
western New Mexico. 
In another place in his monograph (p. 474) Dr. Allen qualifies his 
statement hereinbefore quoted, under the subheading, ‘‘Probable 
extent of its former range,” as follows: 
Westward it extended over northern New Mexico and then westward and northward 
throughout the great Salt Lake Basin. 
1Miller, Gerrit S., op. cit., pp. 64-65. 
2Allen, J. A., History of the American Bison, Bison americanus, Ninth Ann. Rep. U.S. Geol. & Geog. 
Surv, Terr. for 1875 (Hayden Survey), p. 517, 1877. 
‘Bandelier, A. F., Final Report of Investigations among the Indians of the Southwestern United States, 
Carried on Mainly in the Years from 1880 to 1885, Part 11, Papers of the Archxological Institute of America, 
American Series, Iv, p. 254, 1892. 
4Hornaday, William T., The Extermination of the American Bison, Ann. Rep. U.S. Nat. Museum 
for 1887, 1889. 
