16 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY fRuLL. 56 
In exploring the hills of this formation along the Puerco, I found the horns of an 
elk (Cervus canadensis). This locality must be near the southern limit of its range. 
I learned that it is not uncommon on the high plateau near Tierra Amarilla on the 
northeast. 
Morrison,' writing of the mountains more than a hundred miles 
south of Santa Fe, reported that “the elk, once very plentiful in these 
mountains, is now very rarely seen.’”’ The latter may refer to an- 
other species of elk, Cervus merriami Nelson, whose range is given 
as the White Mountains of Arizona and the Mongollon Mountains 
of New Mexico. One or the other species of this noble animal was 
doubtless known to the ancient inhabitants of El Rito de los Frijoles. 
According to information obtained from an aged Indian of Santa 
Clara pueblo by Miss B. W. Freire-Marreco, elk of the smaller sort, not 
so large as the great elk, are rarely seen in the mountains north of 
the Tewa country. What animal is really meant was not ascertained. 
Pex: (akin to Taos pend, Isleta p7z’we, 2+ plu. pymnin, Bartlett’s 
Piro “‘pi-ye,” Jemez pa). 
Odocoileus hemionus (Raf.). Mule Deer, Colorado Black Tail. 
A young deer of this species is called by the Tewa either pz’e. 
(pe, mule deer; ’e’, diminutive), or mdgé. The latter word can not 
be etymologized, and is the only animal name of Tewa origin known 
to the writers which is applied only to the young of a species. 
The cured skin of px’ and also of the western white-tailed deer and 
the elk is called pujé, this word being commonly applied to the cured 
skin of these three animals only. The fresh skin or the skin on the 
animal is known as pak’ owd, ‘deer skin’ (px, Odocoileus hemionus; 
k‘owa, tegument, skin). 
Hodge gives as Deer clans of various pueblos: San Ildefonso, 
Péd"-tdéa; Santa Clara, Pd-idda; Isleta, Pim-tainin; Pecos, Pa’+; Sia 
and San Felipe, Dydni-hano; Zuni, Shéhoita-kwe. The mule deer is 
prominent in Tewa mythology. 
This is the common Deer of the region. We saw but one (a doe) 
while at Frijoles canyon, but three others were reported by the 
Indians while we were there. Even Tewa boys are aware that “a 
lady deer is without antlers.’ It is said that deer of this species 
were plentiful in former times, and deer products were much used by 
the Tewa. 
Hyta‘px: ‘dry juniper deer’ (Ay, ‘one-seeded juniper’, Juniperus 
monosperma; fa’, ‘dryness’, ‘dry’; pz’, ‘mule deer’, Odo- 
coileus hemionus Raf.). 
a 
This is said to be a species of deer distinct from the pe’. 
1 Morrison, Charles C., Executive and Descriptive Report of Lieut. Charles C. Morrison, Sixth Cav- 
alry,on the Operations of Party No. 2, Colorado Section, Field :cason of 1877. Ann. Rep. U. 8. Geog. 
Explor. & Surv. W. of 100th Merid., for 1878, p. 137, 1878. 
