X BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL, 56 
Voiceless lénis sonoplosive clusives, labialized: kw. 
Voiceless glottalized clusives: h, #, p. 
Voiceless lénis affricative clusives: ts, tf. 
Voiceless glottalized affricative clusives: és, tf. 
Voiceless aspirate clusives: k’, t', p*. 
Voiced inflative clusives, preplosively nasal: g, d, 6. 
Voiced lévis clusives: g, u, 6. 
Voiced nasals: y, 7, n, m. 
The following phonems are consonant diphthongs: qw, kw, ts, ts, tf, 
if, g,d, and b. In the glottalized clusives (f, #, ts, ff, p) the glottal 
plosion follows the oral plosion, even following the glided or sukuned 
sand f of the consonantal diphthongs. That is, the k, ¢, ts, tf, or p 
is completely immersed in a. glottal clusive. It has been deter- 
mined that, at least in many instances, g and g, d and u, b and 6 are 
respectively but two aspects of the same phonem, as is the case with 
Castilian g and lévis g, d and lévis d, 6 and lévis 6. The consonants 
occur in one length only. They may be more or less orinasal when 
contiguous to orinasal vowels. The sonancy of the voiceless lénis 
clusives begins nearly simultaneously with the explosion. 
A grave accent is placed over the vowel of a syllable weakly 
stressed. Strongly stressed syllables are unmarked. The intonation 
of the syllables is not indicated in this memoir. 
PHONETIC SPELLING OF NON-T'EWA WORDS 
The symbols used in Tewa have the same value as in Tewa. 
Sounds not occurring or not written in Tewa are indicated as 
follows: Vowels: @ (French patte), @ (French pas), w (unrounded 1). 
The acute accent over a vowel indicates that it is loudly stressed. A 
circle under a vowel indicates that it is surd. 
Consonants: * (aspiration), ” (a peculiar weak aspiration occurring 
in Jemez), « (marginal or ‘“‘velar”’ k, lénis), g (Ger. ach), g,-d, b (as 
in Eng.); # (bilabial f) after a consonant symbol indicates palatal- 
ized or palatal quality. 
