62 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 56 
Fewkes ! mentions West Coast marine shell ornaments in Arizona, 
made from Pectunculus [Glycimeris] sp., Conus fergusoni, C. princeps, 
C. regularis, Turritella sp., Haliotis sp., Strombus sp., Cardvum sp., 
Melongena patula, Oliva angulata, and Oliva [Olwella] biplicata or 
hiatula, many of the species having also found their way into New 
Mexico. He says (p. 88): 
It is well known that there was a considerable trade in early times in these shells, 
and long trips were taken by the Pueblo Indians for trade purposes. 
The intercourse of northern and southern peoples of Arizona through trading expe- 
ditions continued to quite recent times, but judging from the number of specimens 
which were found in the ruins it must have been considerably greater in prehistoric 
times than it is at present. In fact, much of the decline in this traffic is probably 
to be traced to the modification of the southern Arizonian aborigines and the intro- 
duction of new ornaments by the whites. 
From the ruins near Winslow, Arizona, the following species of 
Pacific coast marine shells have been reported by Fewkes: ? Pectuncu- 
lus giganteus Reeve, Melongena patula Rod. & Sow., Strombus 
guleatus Wood, Conus fergusoni Sow., Cardvum elatum Sow., Oliva 
angulata Lam., Oliva hiatula Gmelin, Oliva biplicata Sow., Turritella 
tigrina Keiner. 
Our San Ildefonso Indian informants had a distinct name for 
Ashmunella, which is common along El Rito de los Frijoles, in the 
Jemez Mountains, and probably in favorable localities throughout 
the region. They did not know Oreohelz, three specimens of which 
were obtained in the Jemez Mountains. Pupilla, although only 3 
millimeters in height and 1.5 millimeter in width, recetved a special 
aame, being distinguished from the more flatly spired shells by its 
high spire and cylindrical form. The flatter shells of small size 
(Vallonia, Zonitoides, etc.) were grouped under another name, with- 
out distinguishing species. One of the Indian boys, who had never 
noticed the snails before, was shown several species under some logs. 
He began a search and soon found a Cochlicopa, which differs markedly 
from the species that had been shown to him, and he at once recog- 
nized it as another kind of snail, but our informants had no distinct 
name for it. 
The mollusks of the region have no apparent economic value. 
Conditions are not favorable in the Rio Grande Valley of northern 
New Mexico for the larger clams, which would have a food value, and 
none have been found. 
There appear to be no published records of bivalve mollusks 
(Pelecypoda) for the region. Calyculina and Pisidium have been 
found in the Rio Grande drainage in Colorado, and the latter, if not 
the former, probably occurs in our area in New Mexicc, wherever 
1 Fewkes, J.W., Two Summers’ Work in Pueblo Ruins, Twenty-second Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethn., 
part I, pp. 88-93, 187, 1904. 
2 Fewkes, J.W., Preliminary Account of an Expedition ‘to the Pueblo Ruins Near Winslow, Arizona, 
in 1896, Sihaonsan Rep. for 1896, pp. 529, 530, 535, 536, 1898. 
