SPONGES, GRAPTOLITES, CORALS. 79 
Hindia.] 
HETEROSPONGIA SUBRAMOSA ? Ulrich. 
PLATE G, PIGS, 4-6. 
1889. Heterospongia subramosa ULRicH. American Geologist, vol. iii, p. 240, fig. 6 on p. 236. 
1891. Heterospongia subramosa JAMES. Jour. Cincinnani Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. xiv, p. 71. 
Original description —* Sponge subramose, occasionally palmate ; branches more 
or less flattened, from 9 to 13 mm. thick and 11 to 30 mm. wide. The largest speci- 
men seen is 65 mm. high and 45 mm. wide. Surface generally even, exhibiting the 
rather irregularly distributed canal apertures. These are generally of very unequal 
sizes, though on limited portions of the surface, both their distribution and size may 
be fairly regular. The average diameter of an aperture is nearly 0.7mm., with about 
5in 5mm. The width of the interspaces between the canal mouths is equally 
variable, the extremes being 0.2 and 1.2 mm. The sponge skeleton is composed of 
more or less loosely interwoven spicule-fibres, but in the usual state of preservation 
in the inter—-canal spaces appear quite solid and structureless. In none of the speci- 
mens are the spicules sufficiently well preserved to make their determination a 
matter beyond dispute.” 
Formation and locality.—Rare in the Hudson River group at Spring Valley, Minnesota. Common 
in the same formation in Marion and Lincoln counties, Kentucky. 
Collector.—E. O. Ulrich. Type in Mr. Ulrich’s collection. 
Order LITHISTID AS, Schmidt. 
? Family THTRACLADINA, Zittel. 
HINDIA, Dunean. 
1879. Hindia, DUNCAN. Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist., fifth ser. vol. iv, p. 84. 
1883. Hindia, HINDE. Catalogue Fossil Sponges, British Museum, p. 57. 
1886. Hindia, RAUFF. Sitzungsb. der Niederrh. Gesell. zu Bonn; Sitzung vom 10 Martz. 
1887. Hindia, H1INDE. Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist., fifth ser. vol. xix, p. 67. 
1890. Hindia, ULRicn. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. viii, p. 226. 
1891. Hindia, JAMES. Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. xiv, p. 56. 
Hinpia parva Ulrich. 
PLATE G, FIGS. 7-9. 
1889. Hindia parva ULRicH. American Geologist, vol. iii, p, 244. 
1889. Microspongia parva MitLER. North American Geology and Palwontology, p. 161. 
1891. Microspongia gregaria (partim) JAMES, Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. xiv, p. 54. 
Original description—* Sponges free, globular in form, with an even rounded 
surface. Specimens vary between 5 and 10 mm. in diameter, but im a large propor- 
tion of the specimens seen, the diameter varies but little from 7 or 8 mm. 
