TABLE OF CONTENTS xiii 



B. THE HYDROSPHERE. 

 CHAPTER HI. 



PAGE 



Morphology and Subdivision of the Hydrosphere 99 



A. The Marine Division of the Hydrosphere 99 



Regional Subdivisions of the Sea 99 



I. Intercontinental Seas or Oceans 100 



Bathymetric Zones of the Sea (100); Conformation of the Ocean 

 Floor (loi); Features and Extent of the Continental Shelves 

 (103); Table Showing Distribution Area and Depth of the Prin- 

 cipal Continental Shelves (103); Subordinate Features of the 

 Continental Shelf (104); Features of the Suboceanic Elevations 

 and Depressions 100-105 



II. Intracontinental Seas 106 



A. Independent Seas (107); i. The Mediterraneans (107); Inter- 

 oceanic Mediterraneans (109); 2. Epicontinental Seas (109); 



B. Dependent Seas, Funnel Seas 107-1 12 



Summary of Classification 113 



B. The Continental Division of the Hydrosphere 115 



III. Continental Seas or Lakes 115 



Classification of Lakes and Lake Basins. ...» 116 



Classification of Lake Basins 116 



A. Deformational or Tectonic Basins. 118 



B. Constructional Basins (120); Volcanic Basins; Chemi- 

 cal Basins; Organic Basins; Detrital Basins 120-121 



C. Destructional Basins (122); Volcanic; Chemical; 

 Fluviatile; Glacial; Deflation; Artificial 122-123 



D. Obstructional or Barrier Basins (124); Tectonic; Vol- 

 canic; Chemical; Ice; Organic; Detrital 124-126 



Classification of Lakes as a Whole 128 



IV. Rivers 129 



Simple or Monogene Rivers i^o 



I. Consequent Streams; II. Insequent Streams; III. Over- 

 flow Streams; IV. Glacial Streams; V. Subterranean 

 Streams 130-133 



Polygene Rivers 133 



Relative Ages of Rivers and River. Systems 135 



Aging of Rivers by Accident; Revival and Rejuvenation 



of Rivers I35-I37 



V. Underground Water (Ground Water) 138 



Classification of Ground Water (138); General Course of 

 Meteoric Water (139); Porosity of Rocks (140); The Water 

 Table; Depth and Quantity of Ground Water 1 38-1 41 



Bibliography III ; 143 



