152 PRINCIPLES OF STRATIGRAPHY 



Table Shozving Bathymetric Variations of Salinity in the Sea. 



In the Indian Ocean (35° S. lat., 74° E. long.) the salinity de- 

 creases from 35.3 at the surface to 34.38 at 900 meters, increasing 

 again to 34.45 at 1,500 meters and 34.65 at the bottom. It is thus a 

 strictly diciiohaline arrangement. A similar condition exists in the 

 South Pacific, where a minimum of 34.2 to 34.3 is found at a depth 

 of 730 meters. 



The salinity of the Roman IMediterranean may be taken as an 

 example of the conditions in the nearly landlocked types. In this 

 the increase in salinity of the surface waters is from the west east- 

 ward. At the Straits of Gibraltar, where the Atlantic water enters, 

 the salinity is 36.35 permille ; at Cape Gata, Spain, it is 37.83 per- 



