Zoopuyva.] LOWER PALAZOZOIC RADIATA. 15 
PaL#orora FAVOSA (M‘Coy). Pl. 1. C. fig. 3. 
Ref.—M°‘Coy, Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist. 2nd Series, Vol. VI. p. 285. 
Sp. Ch.—Corallum forming irregular rounded masses formed of prismatic tubes, opening as polygonal 
shallow cells on the surface, (averaging one and half lines in diameter in limestone, and about one line in 
sandstone), the dense narrow interspace, or thick boundary walls of the cells formed of one, or in places 
two, rows of small cells; concave bottoms of the stars very obscurely radiated with twelve irregular, rugged, 
nearly obsolete lamellar projections, scarcely distinguishable from a few intermediate granules; a small 
papillary axis in the centre; vertical section, clear open space of the tubes, one to one and half lines in 
diameter, separated by thick vertical walls (or very narrow dense interspaces of one or two rows of cells), 
traversed by strong distant horizontal, or slightly concave diaphragms, varying from the diameter to little 
more than half the diameter of the tubes apart. 
It is very probable that this coral should form the type of a particular genus, the polygonal cells, 
very narrow, dense interspaces, apparent absence of the circular tube of the cells, and the small central axis, 
distinguish it from the other species of Paleopora. The large masses preserved in limestone are singularly 
like Favosites Gothlandica, the surface shewing apparently the same size and shaped polygonal hollow cells, 
with strong divisional walls, and the rough vertical section shewing apparently prismatic tubes with distant 
diaphragms; a sharp eye or a lens will however detect the cellular structure of the divisional walls, and 
eareful search will shew the radiation, &c. of the cells; this is most distinct in a polished horizontal 
section. Specimens preserved in the fine sandstones present a very different appearance, forming small 
fig-shaped masses, covered with hexagonal, nearly smooth, or very minutely granular, convex or concave casts 
of the cells, with a distinct axal puncture in the centre of each: I have, however, connected them satis- 
factorily, though with difficulty, with the more perfectly preserved limestone examples. 
Position and Locality—Extremely abundant in the calcareous schists and limestones of Craig Head, 
Ayrshire ; Girvan; and in the fine Caradoc sandstone of Mulock Quarry, Dalquorhan, Ayrshire. 
Explanation of Figures —Plate 1. C. fig. 8. A portion of large mass natural size, from the limestone 
of Craig Head, shewing the upper surface and rough vertical fracture, exhibiting the diaphragms in the 
main tubes.—Fig. 3a. Vertical section magnified five diameters, shewing the narrow interstices or apparent 
walls of the lamelliferous tubes and diaphragms to be composed of rows of cells; with the internal lamellar 
sulci—Fig. 3 4. Horizontal section magnified five diameters, shewing the twelve short lamelle in the main 
tubes, and intervening polygonal tubuli—Fig. 3c. Small mass (cast) from the sandstone of Dalquorhan, 
natural size—Fig. 3d. One of the stars of ditto magnified five diameters, shewing the impressions left by 
the central axis and component cells. 
PALMOPORA INTERSTINOTA (Wahl. Sp.) 
Syn. and Ref—Madreporites interstinctus (Wahlenberg, Upsal. Vol. VIII.); Porites pyriformis (Lonsd. 
not Blainy.), Sil. Syst. t. 16. f. 2. Geoporites Lonsdalet and G. intermedia (D’Orb.) Prod. Pal. p. 49. 
Sp. Ch.—Corallum forming large spheroidal masses composed of vertical very thin-walled tubes, usually 
rather less than one line in diameter (or two-thirds of a line), and about half their diameter apart, the 
edges with twelve very small granulations, the corresponding radiating lamell.e nearly or quite obsolete in 
the polished section and weathered surface; intervening capillary tubes numerous, polygonal, very fine 
(averaging six in one line); diaphragms, in the large tubes very numerous, irregular, about five in the space 
equal to the diameter of the tube; diaphragms of the capillary tubes rather more distant than their 
diameter. 
Owing to the extreme thinness of the walls of the stellular tubes in the typical variety, they are 
seldom or never exhibited as separate columns by weathering as in the P. twbulata or P. megastoma, nor 
has it the well-developed radiating lamell of those species. The tubes vary slightly in diameter and in 
their distance apart, which determines the number of minute interstitial tubes between them; these latter 
however are very obviously smaller and more numerous than in the other lower Paleozoic species (seldom 
