20 BRITISH PALAZOZOIC FOSSILS. [Zoopnyra. 
FAvosITES ASPERA (d'Orb.) 
Ref. and Syn.—(Nom.) D’Orb. Prod. Pal. p. 49 ;—F. alveolaris. Sil. Syst. t. 15. f. 1. (not f. 2, nor of Goldfuss.) 
Sp. Ch.—Corallum forming large, irregular, masses of small polygonal subequal tubes, averaging half a 
line in diameter; external walls with the faces nearly smooth, (?unpunctured), faintly wrinkled transversely, 
the angles very rough with large mammilate connecting (‘tubuli); diaphragms flattened with a slight central 
boss, about one-third of a line apart, but varying a little in this respect. 
This species is easily distinguished from the /. alveolaris (Gold.) by the comparatively very small size 
of the tubes (averaging one-third the diameter of that species), by their external wall being apparently 
unpunctured, by the diaphragms not being indented at the margins, but having a central boss, as in the 
F. favosa. An English specimen of this species, in Count Miinster’s collection, received from him the 
manuscript name, Calamopora crinalis, but as I can find no published record of this name, I adopt that 
suggested in M. d’Orbigny’s “ Prodrome,” in referring to Lonsdale’s figure as above. 
Position and Locality.—Abundant, forming great masses in the Wenlock limestone, near Aymestry, 
Herefordshire ; in the Wenlock limestone of Dudley, Staffordshire; Malverns, Worcestershire ; Ledbury, 
Herefordshire ; near Wenlock, Shropshire. 
Favosites crassa (M/’Coy). Pl. 1. C. fig. 9. 
Ref.—(M°Coy). Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd Series, Vol. VI. p. 284. 
Sp. Ch —Corallum forming large, subcylindrical, curved branches, composed of long, slightly diverging, 
remarkably regular and equal prismatic tubes, opening as thin-walled polygonal cells on the surface, with a 
nearly uniform diameter of half a line; two rows of pores on each face of the prismatic tubes, diaphragms 
either slightly more or less than the diameter of the tubes apart; interpolated young tubes few. 
In the general characters of the tubes and connecting foramina this species nearly agrees with J. Goth- 
landica, from which it is distinguished by the elongate, branch-like form of the general mass, by the 
tubes averaging rather less than half the diameter, and being far more uniform in size than in that species, 
owing to the small number of interpolated young tubes, connected probably with the shape of the corallum 
being elongated, instead of forming low wide masses, as in I’. Gothlandica. I suspect this to be the coral 
occasionally quoted as the Devonian F. polymorpha in Silurian rocks, a species which is very distinct from 
the present, and which I have never myself seen in Silurian strata, nor have I seen any recognisable 
figure of a Silurian specimen: as, however, the essential characters are neither described nor figured, I do 
not like to refer to the figure (t. 15. f. 2) of the so-called #. polymorpha, given by Mr Lonsdale in the 
Sil. Syst. although the size of the tubes coincides. This latter figure is placed in the genus Alveolites by 
M. d°Orbigny, under the name (without definition) of A. Lonsdalei. 
Position and Locality.—Masses two inches in diameter, and six inches long, in the Coniston limestone, 
Coniston Water-Head, Lancashire. 
Explanation of Figures.—Plate 1. C. fig. 9. Portion of large branching lobed mass, natural size, from 
Coniston Water.—Fig. 9a. Portion of ditto, magnified eight diameters, shewing the projections of the 
diaphragms, and rows of connecting pores. 
Favosites GoTuLANDIca (Linn. Sp.) 
Syn. and Ref—Corallium Gothlandicum. (Lin.) Ameen, Acad. t. 4. f.27. Calamopora Gothlandica. 
(Gold.) Pet. Germ. t. 26. f. 3. 
Sp. Ch.—Corallum forming irregularly pyriform or very large circular, slightly convex masses, with 
concentrically wrinkled base; composed of polygonal tubes, averaging one line in diameter when adult 
(but with occasional large irregular spaces in which the diameter is only half a line), with very numerous, 
young, smaller, irregularly interpolated columns of smaller diameter, and fewer angles; transverse dia- 
