ZooPuyva. | LOWER PALAZOZOIC RADIATA. 27 
Genus. SYRINGOPORA (Gold.) 
= Harmodites (Fisch.) 
Gen. Char.—Corallum of thick, minutely porous, rarely dichotomising tubes, with numerous internal funnel- 
shaped diaphragms, often leaving a vacant tubular centre, and forming a thick vesicular lining to the walls ; 
internal vertical sulci (rudimentary lamellze) exceeding twelve in number; tubes connected by numerous short 
tubular cross branches. 
The radiating vertical strie are very rarely to be seen, and then chiefly on the edges of pérfect 
terminations of the cell-tubes. 
SYRINGOPORA BIFURCATA (Lonsd.) 
Ref.—(Lonsd.) Sil. Syst. t. 15, dis f. 11. 
Sp. Ch_—Corallum forming a loosely connected group of smooth tubes, averaging one line in diameter, 
dilating a little, and branching dichotomously at intervals of about three lines, the branches equal and 
of the former diameter, occasionally anastomosing or uniting laterally with the adjoining tubes; horizontal 
section, outer wall thick, within which is a loose cellular zone of curved vesicular plates, leaving a clear 
circular central space, usually about half the diameter of the tube: vertical section shews the thick external 
wall, an irregular, narrow, vacant space down the centre, and the intermediate space on each side made 
up of irregular cells, formed of curved vesicular plates directed upwards and outwards. 
The funnel-shaped diaphragms usual in this genus are in this species so irregular as rather to form a 
thick lining of irregular cells to the walls. 
Position and Locality—Rare in the Wenlock limestone of Wenlock, Shropshire ; and Dudley, Staf- 
fordshire. 
2nd Family. CYATHOPHYLLID. 
Corallum simple or compound; lamellz very numerous, strongly developed, usually with smooth sides 
and entire edges, connected by very numerous, strong, transverse vesicular plates ; cells often surrounded with a 
cellular perithecal area, which is always bounded both in the simple and compound species by a thick solid 
epitheca, exterior to which there is no ccenenchyme in the compound species. Increase by lateral disk- 
budding. 
This family is easily distinguished from the Turbinolide and Astreide by the strongly developed trans- 
verse vesicular plates, and the strong solid epitheca round each individual, both in the simple and compound 
forms, though often separated from the interior cell-tube by a perithecal area. 
Subfamilies :—1, Cyathophylline ; 2, Cystiphylline ; 3, Nematophylline. 
Ist Subfamily. CYATHOPHYLLIN A. 
Corallum simple or compound; lamellz strong, numerous, usually not reaching the centre; no axis; 
vertical section usually bi-areal ; the narrow outer area, when present, composed of small vesicular plates between 
the radiating lamell:e ; broad central area always traversed by broad, transverse, nearly simple diaphragms, with 
deflected edges. 
The strongly developed transverse diaphragms, forming the smooth, central bottom to the cells, form 
the great characteristic of these corals. 
Genera :—1, Cyathophyllum ; 2, Diphyphyllum; 3, Caninia; 4, Cyathopsis ; 5, Amplexus; 6, Columnaria. 
