30 BRITISH PALASOZOIC FOSSILS. [Zoopnyra. 
STREPHODES CRAIGENSIS (M/°Coy). Pl. 1. C. fig. 10. 
Ref—M°Coy, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd Series, Vol. VI. p. 275. 
Sp. Ch.—Corallum forming irregular, slightly flexuous, slowly tapering, obscurely nodulous, subcylindrical 
stems averaging seven or eight lines in diameter when old, but both at that size and at three to four 
lines in diameter, tapering at the rate of one line in one inch; outer wall thick, marked with longitudinal 
fine lamellar sulci (ten in three lines); terminal cup shallow, lined by the radiating lamelle, which are 
strongest a little within the circumference, and are obscurely complicated at the centre; connected at the 
sides by distinct transverse vesicular plates: horizontal section, outer solid wall thick, sixty-five to sixty- 
eight, slightly flexuous, radiating lamelle, one half of which extend about half way to the centre, the 
other half slightly thickening, uniting in groups of two or three, and complicated at the centre; transverse 
vesicular plates few, most numerous towards the circumference ; vertical section shews a thick external 
wall on each side from which rows of depressed elongated irregular cells curve gradually under the centre, 
being thickest and nearly horizontal in the middle half of the diameter. 
In the greater thickness, size, and approximately horizontal disposition of the vesicular plates in the 
middle of the corallum, there is an approach to Cyathophyllum, which might deceive at first sight; but 
these pseudo-diaphragms are not bent down at the edge of the inner area as in Cyathophyllum, and in 
the cup and horizontal sections the radiating lamelle are clearly seen to unite in bundles and reach the 
centre ; characters totally at variance with those of Cyathophyllum. On some of the slender stems obscure 
signs apparently of lateral buds appear, but I cannot be certain of their true nature. It tapers more 
slowly than any other species I know. 
Position and Locality—Common in the limestone of Craig Head, near Girvan, Ayrshire. 
Explanation of Figures—Plate 1. C. fig. 10. Fragment of large branch natural size, from Craig 
Head—Fig. 10 a. Vertical and horizontal section of ditto magnified two diameters, shewing the very 
thick, nearly solid, lining to the walls, the characters of the radiating lamelle, and the loose, nearly 
horizontal vesicular plates, forming the transverse cells in the vertical section—Fig. 10 6. Young twisted 
branch natural size. 
STREPHODES PSEUDO-CERATITES (J/°Coy). Pl. 1. B. fig. 20. 
Ref —M°Coy, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd Series, Vol. VI. 
Sp. Ch.—Corallum small, simple, curved, conical, obscurely wrinkled concentrically ; ordinary specimens 
about one inch three lines long, and nine lines in diameter at that distance from the apex; rarely exceeding 
that diameter, though occasionally longer; outer wall with faint vertical lamellar sulci, nine in three lines, 
at nine lines in diameter or about sixty-five all round; horizontal section shews a dense, nearly solid, outer 
area less than one-third the diameter of the tube, in which the radiating lamelle and the excessively 
close fine vesicular connecting plates are obscure; an inner circular area about half the diameter, into 
which only thirty-two to thirty-four (or each alternate one) of the radiating lamellz penetrate, uniting 
irregularly and slightly twisted about the centre, connected by very few, thin, vesicular plates: vertical 
section, shewing the nearly-solid outer area as above (about half an inch of the apex often also filled with 
solid matter), inner area traversed by numerous depressed small irregular cells, arranged almost horizontally, 
or with a slight upward curvature. 
This species almost exactly resembles the small variety of the Devonian OCyathophyllum ceratites of 
Goldfuss (which I also find to be a Strephodes, thus differing from his larger variety to which I restrict 
his name), but is readily separated by its closer and more numerous lamelle (that having only thirty- 
seven lamellie at the above diameter). The Streptoplasma corniculum (Hall), from the Trenton limestone, 
is still more closely allied, but as it is impossible to be certain of the species of those turbinated corals 
without knowing their internal structure, I cannot venture to unite our British species, which I have 
worked out, with the American one in which that has yet to be done, and of which I have no specimen 
to do it. 
