EcuinoperMarta. | LOWER PALZZOZOIC RADIATA. 53 
in Platycrinus and the next, or cuneiform plate, he here calls scapula, although having nothing in common 
with the plates so called in the former genus (agreeing rather with its last or cuneiform arm-joint), and 
so of the succeeding plates; the same confusion exists among succeeding writers to as great an extent, 
and in various genera. According to the plan here proposed, the scapulw in the one case, and true Ist 
costal in the other, would equally be called Ist primary radial, and the irregular one of Actinocrinus, the 
Ist interradial, and the 1st cuneiform arm-joint in one, and the scapula in the other, would be designated 
by its number, as the cuneiform or last of the primary radial plates in each case. The cup should, in the 
descriptions, be defined as composed of so many rows of each series (each series being supposed to terminate 
at a pointed, or cuneiform, joint) and so many rows of inter-radials, the proper numerals being prefixed 
to each. 
Genus. TAXOCRINUS (Pihill.) 
= Isocrinus (Phill. not of V. Meyer) = Cladocrinus (Aust. not Agassiz). 
Gen. Char—Column and alimentary canal round or pentagonal, cup formed of pelvis, Ist and 2nd 
primary radials and five Ist interradials; pelvis of five pentagonal pieces, alternating above which, are five 
large pentagonal (or slightly heptagonal) Ist primary radials (or scapul@) ; remainder of the primary radials, 
nearly equalling the first in width; five hexagonal interradial plates intervene between the second primary 
radials, resting on the upper lateral edges of the 1st ditto. 
The interradial plates and the separation of the primary radial rows seem to separate this genus 
from Ichthyocrinus. 
Taxocrinus? Orpiantt (M*Coy). Pl. 1. D. fig. 1. 
Ref—M°Coy, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd Series, Vol. VI. p. 289. 
Sp. Ch.—Column cylindrical, about two lines in diameter at an inch from the pelvis, and not varying 
materially in character within two inches from the pelvis; joints finely granulated, uniformly two in the 
space of one line; pentagonal pelvic plates one line high, alternating with which are the pentagonal or 
obscurely heptagonal 1st primary radial joints, (or scapulze) nearly one and one-third lines long; arms of 
two quadrangular and one cuneiform (2nd, 8rd, and 4th primary radial) joints, each one line long, and one 
and a third lines wide, the latter giving off two rows of secondary radials, (or hands) of five joints, the 
last being cuneiform, and giving origin to two fingers; from pelvis to end of fingers one inch three lines. 
I have not distinctly made out the interradial plates, but as there seems a notch between the upper 
adjacent edges of the first primary radials or scapulze, I have little doubt they existed; besides their 
presence, the species is easily distinguished from the Jchthyocrinus pyriformis (Phill. Sp.) by the greater 
number of joints in the arms and hands, and the much thicker column, and the nearly unvarying 
character of the joints, as they approach the pelvis. 
Position and Locality—In the “‘ Asterias” bed of the Upper Ludlow rock at High Thorns, Under- 
barrow, Kendal, Westmoreland. 
Explanation of Figures—P\. 1. D. fig. 1. Body, rays and part of column, natural size from High 
Thorns, Underbarrow. 
TAXOCRINUS TUBERCULATUS (Mill. Sp.) 
Ref. and Syn.—Cyathocrinus tuberculatus (Mill.) Crin. 
Sp. Ch.—Arms of two primary radial joints equalling the Ist ditto (or scapule) in size; hands of 
three secondary radial joints, fingers of five or six joints to the first cuneiform joint, from which they 
dichotomise once; all the plates coarsely tuberculated; colwmn round of thin joints near the pelvis, 
becoming thicker and alternately larger and smaller at a little distance; from pelvis to top of first cunei- 
form joint (at end of primary radials or arm) six lines, width of arm two lines, length of hand and 
fingers about one inch. 
Position and Locality—Common in the Wenlock limestone of Dudley, Staffordshire. 
