94 BRITISH PALAXOZOIC FOSSILS. [Zoopuyra. 
side, composed of small, much-curved, vesicular plates, forming minute semicircular cells, arranged in very 
oblique rows upwards and outwards, about seven in a row; middle zone rather less than the outer one in 
width, passing gradually into the central structure, formed of few larger and less-curved vesicular plates 
than the outer zone, and having a nearly horizontal direction, one or one and half reaching across the 
space; central area composed of large, thin, close, little-curved, vesicular plates, forming a strongly arched 
series of narrow, elongate cells, the convexity of the arch upwards conforming to the shape of the central 
boss in the cup. If the vertical section be at right angles to the medial fissure or crest of the central boss, 
there is a line visible down the middle of the section: terminal cup deep, lined by the vertical lamellze, and 
having a large oval prominent boss in the centre, traversed by a sharp mesial crest; about one-half or one- 
third of the radiating lamellze ascend the central boss, always in a direct line, those at the sides of the 
mesial crest being at right angles to it, the others joining at a more acute angle as they approach the 
extremity ; and opposite one end of the crest we generally observe one or two of the radiating lamelle 
shorter than the rest, producing a sort of siphon-like irregularity, such as we see in Caninia. 
This coral nearly equals the Caninia gigantea (Mich.) in size and cylindrical form, but is easily dis- 
tinguished by the strong longitudinal striz of the surface, the want of transverse septa in the central 
area, &c. The young reach a diameter of nine lines at about ten lines from the apex, and at this diameter there 
are about six lamelle in the space of three lines; dwarf specimens, not exceeding this size are common 
in the black carboniferous shale of Beith, Ayrshire, shewing the axis rather more than half the diameter, 
the narrow horizontal-celled zone, and the outer zone as in the larger examples. 
Position and Locality.—Rather common in the carboniferous limestone of Derbyshire; shale of Beith, 
Ayrshire. 
Explanation of Figures—PI\. 3. C. fig. 6. Young stem natural size, retaining a few patches of the 
external epitheca, and shewing the shape of the terminal cup (the medial crest on the boss not distinctly 
seen in this view)—Fig. 6a. Do. Horizontal and vertical sections natural size. 
CLISIOPHYLLUM KrysERLINGI (J/’Coy). PI. 3. C. fig. 4. 
Ref—MCoy, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd Series, Vol. III. p. 2. 
Sp. Ch.—Conical, slightly curved, terminal cell oblique, one inch two lines in diameter in a specimen 
three inches long; surface finely striated longitudinally (about eight striz in one-fourth of an inch) ; about 
fifty-one thin, equal lamellee, descend straight into the deep part of the terminal star, and there abruptly 
twisted spirally about an imaginary axis, forming a prominent conical centre about one-third the diameter 
of the cup, and as high as its base is wide; between each pair of long lamelle is a very short flexuous 
marginal one (about one line long) ; horizontal section shews a very narrow external zone of minute vesicular 
structure, extending as far as the short lamellze, the central area seems a confused, close, crumpling of 
vesicular plates, occupying rather more than one-third the whole diameter, and from it to the circumfer- 
ence, the strong, equal, rather distant plates, radiate with a slight curve. 
This highly typical species of Mr Dana’s American genus Clisiophyllum is closely allied to the Cyatho- 
phyllum coniseptum of Count Keyserling’s “« Wissenschaftliche Beobachtungen auf einer Reise in das Pets- 
chora-Land,” from which it is distinguished by the strong twisting of the plates about the central cone, 
and by having little more than half the number of lamellze at the same diameter, Viewing with Mr Dana 
the conical arrangement of the septa as a generic instead of specific character, it seems probable that 
the two varieties given by Count Keyserling, of his Cyathophyllum coniseptum, are really two species ; and 
the present species, though presenting some intermediate characters, is, I think, distinct; if hereafter any 
one should think otherwise, they still could hardly object to the name I haye proposed in honour of so 
enterprising a geologist; the more so as the term coniseptum would not be applicable as a specific name 
in the genus Clisiophyllum, where all have the conical arrangement of septa alluded to. There can, how- 
ever, I think, be little doubt of the distinctness of the species. 
