ZooPuyta. | UPPER PALAZOZOIC RADIATA. 95 
Position and Locality—Rare in the carboniferous limestone of Derbyshire. 
Explanation of Figures—P1. 3. C. fig. 4. Natural size, shewing the thin external wall or epitheca in 
parts, absent in others.—Fig. 4a. Horizontal section, natural size. 
CLISIOPHYLLUM MULTIPLEX (Keyserl. Sp.) 
Syn. and Ref.—Cyathophyllum, id. Keyserling, Reise in das Petschora-Land, t. 2. f. 1. 
Sp. Ch.—Corallum forming slightly curved and compressed short, broad, conical individuals, rugged with 
deep, obtuse, concentric rings of growth; about one inch nine lines in diameter, at one inch three lines 
from the base; large examples three and half inches long, and two inches in the long diameter, and one 
inch five lines in the short diameter of the cup, one of the broad sides of which is slightly higher than 
the other; terminal cup shallow, with a wide slightly sloping outer margin, and a flattened base, from 
near the centre of which is an elongate, lateral, siphonal depression ; radiating lamelle of alternate length, 
very delicate, about one hundred and seventy, at one and half inch in diameter, meeting in the centre, 
their edges set, with perforated papillae; external lamellar striz about five in two lines; vertical section, 
shewing a nearly uniform, very minute, vesicular structure, the outer area rather more than one-fourth of 
the diameter, having the rows of small, very numerous, elongate, rounded cells, extending obliquely upwards 
and outwards, with a slight reversal or deflection of the curve close to the outer wall (corresponding with 
the form of the outer area of the cup); inner area nearly half the diameter of the coral, the rows of cells 
taking an M-shaped double upward curve; about eight or nine cells in the space of two lines, either in 
the inner or outer area, measured at right angles to the direction of the rows. 
The British specimens increasing more rapidly in proportion to their height than the foreign species, 
to which I refer them, is the only difference I see, and as the coincidence is so exact in other external 
characters, and in those of the vertical section, I think it best to note it only as a distinct variety at 
present, with a name which can be considered specific at any time, if necessary. When the shorter diameter 
is compared with the length, the difference between the two varieties seems in this respect very trifling. 
Position and Locality —Not uncommon in the carboniferous limestone of Kendal, Westmoreland. 
CLISIOPHYLLUM PROLAPSUM (J/°Coy). PI. 3. C. fig. 5. 
Ref—M°Coy, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd Series, Vol. III. p. 3. 
Sp. Ch.—Elongate conic, much curved and twisted on its axis; terminal cell oblique, deep, with steep 
sides, a narrow flattened or concave space at bottom, from which protrudes the central boss, which is 
about one-third the diameter of the cup, nearly as high as wide, cylindrical, obtusely rounded above, and 
with a deep umbilical cavity in the middle (in partially decomposed or weathered specimens, a rough vertical 
fracture frequently shews the central area or axis as a thick, smooth, persistent tube); diameter of the 
adult little more than an inch, and which it attains at two inches long, remaining nearly cylindrical after 
that length; surface closely striated longitudinally, about fourteen strize in one-fourth of an inch, when 
slightly rubbed so as to shew both sets of lamellze, or half that more usually, when the large ones only 
are seen: horizontal section, inner area rather more than one-third the diameter, of small, closely blended, 
vesicular plates, defined by a thick circular line; outer area with 160 radiating lamelle (in a large specimen 
one inch four lines in diameter), half of which reach from the wall to the edge of the inner area, and the 
intermediate ones only reach half way; transverse vesicular plates very delicate, about five rows of very small 
ones in the space occupied by the short lamelle, fewer in the intervening space from thence to the axis: 
vertical section, inner area defined by rather thick walls; it consists of minute, compressed, elongate cells, 
arranged in very numerous, transverse, curved rows, the convexity of the curve upwards; outer area narrow, 
of minute cellular structure, inclining upwards and outwards, about five cells in a row; middle area of much 
larger, and less inclined, vesicular structure, three to four cells in a row. 
This species forms the type of the genus Awlophyllum of MM. Milne Edwards and Haime, from the 
definite tubular boundary to the inner area or axis; this however is merely a question of degree, serving 
