LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. | LOWER PALAXOZOIC MOLLUSCA. 281 
Position and Locality—vVar. a. Not uncommon in the Wenlock shale of Dudley, Staffordshire ; Upper 
Ludlow of Benson Knot, Kendal, Westmoreland. Var. 8. abounds in the green quartzose, Upper Ludlow of 
Benson Knot, Kendal, Westmoreland, and in the similar rock at Llechclawdd, near Llandovery, S. Wales; and 
in the yellowish tilestone of Storm Hill, Llandeilo, Caermarthenshire. Var. y. High Thorns, Underbarrow, 
Kendal, Westmoreland. 
GRAMMYSIA EXTRASULCATA (Salt. Sp.) Pl. 1. K. fig. 29. 
Syn. = Orthonota extrasulcata Salt. Mem. Geol. Sury. Vol. II. pt. 1. t. 17. f. 2. 
Sp. Ch.—Elongate, oblong ; beaks large, prominent, about one-fourth from the anterior end, which is ob- 
tusely rounded; dorsal and ventral margins subparallel; posterior end narrow, subtruncate, rounded; sides 
gibbous, left valve with three oblique furrows from the beak ; the anterior one broad, shallow, extending to a little 
in front of the middle of the ventral margin; a broad obscure ridge behind it, behind which are the posterior 
pair, narrow, deep, approximate, inclosing a narrow ridge between them, about one-third from the posterior 
end; surface with small, irregular, concentric plicee and lines of growth. Length one inch eight lines ; in pro- 
40 26 
portion to length, width +, width of posterior end 5, depth of one valve 74, length of anterior end =. 
This form has the straight hinge-line and fine plication of the G. cingulata, Var. a., but has a much 
larger beak, longer anterior end, is longer, and easily distinguished by the very oblique narrow pair of sulci 
behind the shallow more nearly medial one. 
The specimen before me, like that figured by the Survey, is a left valve. 
Position and Locality—Rare in the hard, green, micaceous tilestone of Benson Knot, Kendal, West- 
moreland. 
Explanation of Figure.—P\. 1. K. fig. 29, left valve, natural size. 
GRAMMYSIA ROTUNDATA (Sow. Sp.) PIL. 1. K. fig. 26 and 27. 
Syn.= Mya rotundata, Sow. Sil. Syst. t. 6. f. 1. 
Sp. Ch.—Subovate, oblong, slightly inflated; no defined posterior slope ; beaks obtuse, about one-fourth of 
the length from the anterior end, which is much narrowed by a rapid slope from the beak, from the inflexion of 
the margin forming the lunette ; posterior end broadly rounded, nearly equalling the middle of the shell in width ; 
dorsal and yentral margins subparallel, slightly convex ; the even convexity of the valves interrupted in the left 
one by two oblique, nearly obsolete shallow furrows from the beak to the ventral margin, which they slightly 
bisinuate ; the spaces between them nearly equal to the length of the anterior side; the right valve has but one 
still fainter furrow corresponding to the spaces between the two of the left valve; surface with small concentric 
undulations, stronger and more regular on the anterior end. Length one inch five lines; in proportion to 
length, anterior end 4, width “8, depth about 3. 
The two obscure oblique furrows in the left valve approximate this species to Grammysia, but the posterior 
dorsal margins seem to be erect as in Hdmondia and Modiolopsis, agreeing most with the latter in general form, 
but having the distinct anterior lunette with inflected margins of the former. As I have not clearly seen the 
dorsal edges, I leave the species in Grammysia. 
It strikes me that Mr Sowerby’s figure above referred to must be reversed, as it shews the two faint 
furrows in the right instead of the left valve. The obtusely rounded posterior end, shorter and wider anterior 
end, &c., separate it from the Modiolopsis ? semisulcata (Sow. sp.) 
Position and Locality.—Not uncommon in the green quartzose, Upper Ludlow rock of Benson Knot, 
and Kirkby Moor, Kendal, Westmoreland. 
Explanation of Figures—FP\. 1. K. fig. 26, right valve, natural size; fig. 27, left valve, to shew the 
two oblique furrows. 
Genus. CARDIOLA (Broderip). 
Gen. Char.—Obliquely oval, or suborbicular, tumid, equivalve, inequilateral; beaks large, prominent, 
obliquely incurved towards the short anterior end ; anterior and posterior ends subequal, rounded ; ventral margin 
convex ; hinge-line shorter than the shell, with a flattened cardinal area, widest between the beaks, extending 
its whole length; surface radiatingly ribbed ; internal characters ? 
[rase. 1. ] Oo 
