GENERAL HISTORY. 
scruples suggested by reasoning 
on a novel and dubious case; and 
the allied powers thought they 
had sufficiently tempered justice 
by mercy, in adjudging him to a 
perpetual confinement where he 
- might enjoy many of the comforts 
of life, without danger of again 
returning to involve Europe. in 
bloodshed. It was determined in 
the councils of the confederate 
sovereigns, that the island of St. 
Helena, a speck in the Southern 
Atlantic, under the dominion of 
Great Britain, should be his place 
of exile, where he was to reside 
under their joint inspection. On 
August 7th he was transferred, in 
Torbay, from the Bellerophon to 
the Northumberland, captain sir 
G. Cockburn, accompanied by 
Generals Bertrand and Montho- 
lon, with their ladies and families, 
Count Las Casas, General Gour- 
gaud and twelve servants. The 
ship on the next day proceeded 
on her destined voyage. This de- 
termination of the allied powers 
was notified on August 26th, in 
the London Gazette, with the re- 
solution that all foreign vessels 
were to be excluded from com- 
munication with, or approach to, 
St. Helena, as long as it should 
_ be the residence of Napoleon Buo- 
naparte. Although he quietly 
submitted to his fate, yet previ- 
ously to his going on board the 
Northumberland he presented to 
Lord Keith a memorial, in which, 
in the face of heaven and of men, 
hesolemnly protested against what 
he termed the violation of his 
most sacred rights, by the forci- 
ble disposal of his person and his 
liberty; adding, that he came 
freely on board the Bellerophon, 
and that he was not the prisoner, 
[85 
but the guest of England. This, 
however, was a mis-statement of 
the case; for the fact was, that 
not being able in any other mane 
ner to escape what he justly re- 
garded as a more urgent danger, 
he surrendered himself to the 
arms of that power from whom 
he was assured of present protec- 
tion, but who had given him no 
expectation of being regarded 
otherwise than as a public enemy. 
It is unnecessary to detail the 
progress of the allied armies in 
obtaining possession of the places 
in France which. still held out. 
Theirimmense superiority in num- 
ber assured them final success ; 
though the pertinacity of the de- 
fenders, fostered by that point of 
honour which acts so forcibly on 
the French military, long pro- 
tracted this event, and was the 
occasion, in some instances, of a 
considerable loss of lives. In 
most cases the inhabitants were 
disposed to submit before the 
troops would listen to such a pro- 
posal, and civil conflicts were 
often added to the other calami- 
ties which were now pressing 
upon the country. Some com- 
manders, who were ready to re- 
cognize the authority of Louis, 
thought it their duty to resist the 
invasion of foreigners; for the 
most part, however, the army 
and its leaders retained their old 
attachments. The Duke of Albu- 
fera (Suchet) who was general of 
the army of the Alps, signed on 
July 12th a capitulation with the 
Austrians, for the city of Lyons, 
similar in its tenor with that con- 
cluded at Paris. His troops joined 
the French army of the Loire un- 
der Davoust, whose disposition, 
with that of his soldiers, long 
