134] ANNUAL REGISTER, 1815. 
tack on the British positions, and 
on the 27th concluded a conven- 
tion with the principal Gorkah 
chiefs of the province of Kemaoon, 
The result of these combined 
‘Operations was the surrender of 
the Gorkab Commander-in-chief, 
Ummer Sing Thappa, the evaeua-~ 
tion of the fortresses of Malown 
and Iyetuck, and the cession of 
the whole country from Kemaoon 
to the Sutlege; for which suc- 
cess the governor-general direct- 
ed that a royal salute should be 
fired at all the principal stations 
of the army. It seems evident, 
however, from the details which 
have been published, that the con- 
test has been with a bold and ad- 
venturous foe, with whom the 
establishment of a lasting pacifi- 
cation is perhaps more to be de- 
sired than expected. 
At the opposite extremity of the 
Indian peninsula, the island also 
of Ceylon afforded employment in 
this year for the Britisharms. On 
the transfer of that island from 
Holland to Great Britain, the lat- 
ter succeeded to a singularly cir- 
cumstanced possession, the ring of 
sea-coast being under European 
occupation or authority, whilst 
the central parts were held by the 
native Sovereign of Candy. Such 
a divided dominion could not fail 
of being the cause of frequent dif- 
ference; and in 1803 an expedi- 
tion was undertaken by the Bri- 
tish government against the Can- 
dian king, which, after the tem- 
porary conquest of the capital, fa- 
tally terminated in the massacre 
or imprisonment of the whole Bri- 
tish detachment. The Candian 
troops afterwards advanced to the 
British frontier, and hostilities 
were for some time carried on; 
till at length a suspension of war- 
fare, rather than a renewal of ami- 
cable intercourse, succeeded, the 
Candian monarch still refusing to 
release major Davie and the offi- 
cers captured with him, and treat- 
ing them with the greatest barba- 
rity. His tyrannical government 
becoming insupportable tohis sub- 
jects, many of them removed from 
the interior to the British settle- 
ments, and some of the chiefs ap- 
plied for military aid to protect 
them against oppression, which, 
however, our governmentdeclined 
granting. The atrocious act per- 
petrated in October, 1814, of seiz- 
ing and cruelly mutilating ten 
natives of the British province of 
Columbo who were pursuing their 
traffic in the Candian territory, 
joined with a revolt of the people 
on the frontier provinces, against 
their tyrant, finally determined 
the English governor to take up 
arms; and troops were put in mo- 
tion in January, whilst a procla- 
mation was issued, promising se~ 
curity and protection to the Can- 
dians, and announcing that the 
court alone was the object of hos- 
tility. 
The Governor and Commander- 
in-chief, lieut.-gen. Brownrigg, 
arranged the march of the ar- 
my in divisions to avoid the diffi- 
culty in supplying it with provi- 
sions. This, and the ruggedness 
of the roads and rainy weather, 
were in fact the only obstacles 
they had to contend with; for at 
no point did they meet with armed 
resistance, and the Adigars were 
all ready to join them as soon as 
they found it could be done with. 
safety to their families, A de- 
tachment entered Candy on Feb. 
11th, which was found entirely 
