426 
not be so organized and employed, 
as at once tv aid in the support of 
meritorious individuals, excluded 
by age or infirmities from the ex- 
isting establishment, and to pre- 
serve to the public the benefit of 
their stationary services, and of 
their exemplary discipline. I re- 
commend also, an enlargement of 
the military academy already es- 
tablished, and the establishment of 
others in other sections of the 
union. And I cannot press too 
much on the attention of Congress, 
such a classification and organiza- 
tion of the militia, as will most ef- 
fectually render it the safeguard of 
a free state. If experience has 
shewn in the late splendid achieve- 
ments of the militia, the value of 
this resource for the public defence, 
it has shewn also the importance of 
that skill in the use of arms, and 
that familiarity with the essential 
rules of discipline, which cannot 
be expected from the regulations 
now in force. With this subject is 
ultimately connected the necessity 
of accommodating the laws, in 
every respect, to the great object 
of enabling the political authority 
of the union to employ, promptly 
and effectually, the physical power 
of theunion, in the cases designated 
by the constitution. 
The signal services which have 
been rendered by our navy, and 
the capacities it has developed for 
the successful co-operation in the 
national defence, will give to that 
portion of the public force its full 
value in the eyes of Congress, at 
an epoch which calls for the con- 
stant vigilance of all Governments. 
To preserve the ships now in 
a sound state; to complete those 
already contemplated; to provide 
amply the unperishable materials 
ANNUAL REGISTER, 1815. 
for prompt augmentations, and to 
improve the existing arrangements 
into more advantageous establish- 
ments, for the construction, the 
repairs, and the security to vessels 
of war, is dictated by the soundest 
policy. 
In adjusting the duties on im- 
ports to the object of revenue, the 
influence of the tariff on manufac- 
tures will necessarily present itself 
for consideration. However wise 
the theory may be, which leaves 
to the sagacity and interest of indi- 
viduals the application of their in- 
dustry and resources, there are in 
this, as in other cases, exceptions 
to the general rule. Besides the 
condition which the theory itself 
implies, of a reciprocal adoption by 
other nations, experience teaches 
that so many circumstances must 
occur in introducing and maturing 
manufacturing establishments, es- 
pecially of the more complicated 
kinds, that a country may remain 
long without them, although suffi- 
ciently advanced, and in some re- 
spects even peculiarly fitted for 
carrying them on with success. 
Under circumstances giving a pow- 
erful impulse to manufacturing in- 
dustry, it has made among us a 
progress, and exhibited an effici- 
ency, which justify the belief, that 
with a protection not more than is 
due to the enterprizing citizens 
whose interests are now at stake, 
it will become at an early day not 
only safe against occasional compe- 
titions from abroad, but a source of 
domestic wealth, and even of ex« 
ternal commerce. Inselecting the - 
branches more especially entitled 
to the public patronage, a prefer- 
ence is obviously claimed by such 
as will relieve the United States 
from a dependence on foreign sup- 
plies, 
