570 ANNUAL REGISTER, 1816. 



the same length, and are fur- 

 nished with a single series of 

 small subulate straigl'.t teeth, not 

 so long nor as large as tliose of 

 the salmon. The mouth is wide, 

 and the tongue is also furnislied 

 with some teeth : the tins are 

 placed much like those of the 

 salmon. At the Great Falls we 

 found tins tibh of a silvery white 

 colour on the iielly and sides, and 

 a blush light brown on the l)ack 

 and head ; the second species is 

 of a dark colour on its back, and 

 its sides and belly are yellow, 

 Avith transverse stripes of (iark 

 brown ; sometimes a little red is 

 intermixed with these colours on 

 the belly and sides townrds the 

 head. T!\e eye, flesli, and roe, 

 are like tliose descrilied of the 

 sahrion : the white species found 

 below the Falls, were in excellent 

 order, wlien the sahnon were en- 

 tirely out of season and not fit 

 for use. They associate with the 

 red char, in little livulets and 

 creeks : the Indians say that the 

 salmon begin to lun early in 

 May. The white salmon trout is 

 about two feet and eight indies 

 long, a;ul w eighs ten jjounds : 

 the eye is moderately laige, the 

 })U])il black, with a sujall admix- 

 ture of \ello\v, and iris (d" a ^■!l- 

 very Avhitc, and a little turbid 

 near its bolder with a ^ellowi^h 

 bro\\n. The tins are sniall in 

 ])ro])ortion to the iish ; are bony 

 iiut not pointed, except the tail 

 and back tins, which are pointed 

 a little : the prime back lin ard 

 vential ones contain e;ich ten 

 rays, those of the gills tidrteen, 

 that <if the tail twelve, and tiie 

 small lin ])l:iced near and .diove 

 tlie t^il has no bony rnys, l^ut is 

 a tough, lli>\'ii)le su!i^i;iuce, di- 



ve: ed with smooth skin. It is 

 thicker in proportion to its ^idth 

 tlian the salmon : the tongue is 

 thick and tirm, beset on each 

 border with small subulate teeth, 

 in a single series : the teeth and 

 the mouth areas before described. 

 Neither this fish nor the salmon 

 are caught a\ ith the hook, nor do 

 we know on what they feed. 



7. The mountain or speckled 

 trout are found in the wateis of 

 the Columbia within the moun- 

 tains : they are the same with 

 those found in the upper part of 

 the Missouri, but are not so 

 abunchmt in the Columbia as in 

 that ii\er. We never saw thi.s 

 fish below the mountains, but 

 from the transparency and cold- 

 ness of the Kooskooskee, we 

 should nt)t doubt of its existence 

 in that stream as h)w as its junc- 

 tion with the south-east branch 

 of the Columbia. 



8. The bottlcnose is the same 

 with that before mentioned on 

 tlie Missouri, and is found exclu- 

 sively within the mountiiins. 



Of shell fisli we observe tlie 

 clau>, peii'.vinkle, connnon mus- 

 cle, the coclde, and a species with 

 a circular flat shell. The clam of 

 this coast are very small ; the 

 shell consists of two valves, which 

 open with hinges : the shell is 

 smooth, thin, of an oval foim 

 like that of the conniion nmscle, 

 and of a sky-blue colour. It is 

 about one and a half inch in 

 length, and hangs in clusters to 

 tlie moss of the rocks : the natives 

 sometimes eat them. The peri- 

 winkle both of the river and the 

 ocenn, are similar to tliose foimd 

 in the same situation on the At- 

 lantic coast. The common ntuscle 

 of the ri\cr are also the same 



with 



