June 1. 1850.j 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



11 



garlic. To the kirmse, ov cliurch feast, which happens 

 only once a year, four or five neighbouring villages go 

 together, and it is a praiseworthy custom, as it main- 

 tains a neighbourly and kindly feeling among the 

 people." 



The pleasing account of the English harvest 

 feast in Gage's Hengrave, calls It Hockay. Pegge, 

 in his Supplement to Grose's Provincial Wo?-ds, 

 Hockey. Dr. Nares notices it in his Glossary, and 

 refers to an account of its observance in Suffolk 

 given in the JVeiv Monthltj Magazine for November, 

 1820. See also Major Moor's Suffolk Words, and 

 Forby's Vocahidarij of East Anglia, -who says that 

 Bloomfield, tlie rustic poet of Suffolk, calls it the 

 Horhy ; Dr. Nares having said that Bloomfield 

 does not venture on this provincial term for a 

 Harvest- home. S. W. Singer. 



May 14. IR50. 



" Sic vocat Chaldaeos, pari de causa ut ob quan< 

 Francorum quidam dictus est MarttUus." 



Compare George Herbert of Lord Bacon, — 

 " Sophisniatum Mastid: .... SecurisqnQ errorum," 

 &c. &c. (Poems, p. 253, ed. 1844.) JSTor must we 



forget xittila, " the scourge of God." 



R.A. 



CHARLES MAKTEL. 



(Vol. i. pp. 86. 275.) 



If Charles Martel must no longer be the Mauler, 

 he will only be excluded from a verj^motley band. 

 Here are a few of his repudiated namesakes : — 



1. The Maccabcei, from Hebr. : Mahkah, a 

 hammer. 



2. Edward I., " Malleus Scotorum." 



3. " St. Augustine, that Maul of heretics, was 

 in chief repute with" Josias Shute, among, the 

 Latin Fathers. (Lloyd's Memoires, p. 294.) " God 

 make you as Augustine, Mulleum Hcsreticorum." 

 (Edward's Gangrcena, Part ii. p. 17. 1646.), 



4. " Robertus Grossetest, Episcopus Lincolni- 

 ensis, Bomanorwn Malleus, ob. 1253."^;(Fulman, 

 Notitia Oxon. p. 103. 2nd ed.) 



5. " Petrus de Alliaco, circ. a. d. 1400, Malleus 

 a veritute aherruntium indefessus appellari solebat." 

 (Wharton in Kehle' slHooker, i. 102.) 



6. T. Cromwell, " Malleus Monachormn ;" 

 ^'■Mauler of. Monasteries" [Fuller, if I recollect 

 rightly, quoted by CarlyleJ. Also, '■'■ Mawling 

 religious houses." (Lloyd's State V/orthies, i. 72. 

 8vo. ed.) 



7. Bishop Prideaux, " Malleus Hai-eseus.'' 

 ("Wood, Ath. Oxon. iii. 267.) 



8. Hooker, " Schismaticorum 3Ialleus," Bp. II. 

 King's Letter to Iz. Walton. 



9. Peter Gunning, " Schismaticorum Malleus." 

 (Barwick's Life, p. 22. Latin ed.) 



10. Archbishop Usher, '■'■ Erro7-um malleus." 

 (Univ. of Oxford. Parr's Life of Usher, p. 101.) 



11. Henry Hammond, Errorum malleus, ^'C. 

 (Lh)yd's Memoires, p. 401.) 



12. Dean Comber, ''falsi Malleus." (lb. p. 450.) 

 Tlic reader will at once recollect "The liauniier 



of the whole earth," in Jeremiah, l. 23. Grotius, 

 in his note on tlic '■'■Mullens univer.sa3 terra;" of 

 that passage, says, — 



Charles Martd (Vol. i. p. 86.) —The follow- 

 ing note may perhaps be acceptable in con- 

 junction with that of G. J. K. (p. 86.), on Charles 

 Martel. It is taken from Michelet"s History of 

 France, an easily accessible work. 



" Charlemagne is usually considered as the trans- 

 lation of Carolus Magnus. ' Challemaines si vant autant 

 comme grant challes.' (Chro. de St. Denis, 1. i. c. 4.) 

 Charlemagne is merely a corruption of Carloman, Kall- 

 mann, the strong man. In ihe above-cited chronicle 

 itself, the words Challes and Challemaines are used for 

 Charles and Carloman (mnine, a corruption of tnann, as 

 lei/ie of lima). In the C/ironicle uf Theophaiies a still more 

 conclusive text is found : he calls Carloman KapovWo- 

 jxayvos ; Scr.fr. v. 1 87. The two brothers must have 

 borne the same name. In the 10th century, Charles 

 the Bald was dignitied, though most undeservedly, with 

 the same title of Great, through the ignorance of the 



Latin monks Epitap/i. ap Scrip.fr. vii. 322. 



Nomen qui nomine duxit 



De Magni Magnus, de Caroli Carolus. 



A similar kind of blunder was made by the Greek 

 writers in the name Elagabal, which they transformed 

 into Heiiogabal, from"HAios, the sun." 



With regard to Charles Martel, Michelet does 

 not allude to M. Collin de Plaucy's explanation, 

 and adopts the old version — 



" Son surnom pa'ien de !Warteau me ferait volontiers 

 douter s'il 6tait chretion. On sait que le marteau est 

 I'attribut de Thor, le signe de I'association pa'ienne, 

 celui de la proprict;', de la coiiquete barbare." — Vide 

 I\Jiclielet"s Oriyincs elu Droit Franfais. 



Charles was notoriously at variance with the 

 Church. I should consider Miciielet a much 

 better authority than M. Collin de Plaucy, who, 

 to judge from his preface to another work, Le 

 Dictionnaire Iifernal, slavishly submits his critical 

 acuteness to the dicta of his Church. J. B. D. 



"feast akd "fast. 



I am not going to take part in the game of 

 hockey, started by Lord Braybrooke, and car- 

 ried on with so much spirit by several of your 

 correspondents in No. 28. ; but I have a word to 

 say to one of the hockey-players, C. B., who, per 

 fas et nefas, has mixed up "feast and fast" with 

 the game. 



C. B. asks, "Is not flie derivation of 'feast' 

 and 'fast' originally the same? that which is 

 appointed coiuicctcd with ' fas,' and that from 

 'fari?'" I should say no; and let me cite the 

 familiar lines from the boi^inning of Ovid's /*"««<«'.• — 



