July 6. 1850.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



93 



not, however, always on tlie north side of the 

 church, as is evident from the following extract 

 from the Register of Hart, Durham : — 



" Dec. 17. 1596, Ellen Thompson, Fornicatrix (and 

 then excommunicated), was buried of y^ people in y« 

 chaer at the entrance unto y"^ yeate or stile of y'^ church- 

 yard, on the east thereof." 



Nor is the north side of the church always the 

 less favourite ])art for burial. I could name many 

 instances where this is the only part used. 



The churchyard now within two hundred yards 

 of me contains about an acre of ground ; the 

 larger portion of which lies to the south of the 

 church, but has been very little used for sepulture 

 till of late years, though the churchyard is very 

 ancient. Even now the poor have an objection to 

 bury their friends there. I believe the prejudice 

 is always in favour of the part ne.xt the town or 

 village ; that on the other side of the church being 

 generally called " the backside." 



I hud various notices of excommunicated persons 

 being very strangely buried, and in extraordinary 

 places, but I have not as yet met with any act or 

 injunction on the subject. If any of your readers 

 can supply such a document, it would be extremely 

 interesting and useful. W. H. K, 



D B. 



Monnatery, Arrangement of one (Vol. i., p. 4o2.). 

 — A. P. H., who re((uests any information respect- 

 ing the e.xtent, arrangement, and uses of a monastic 

 building, lias doubtless consulted Fosbroke's5/-(Y/.s^ 

 Monachism. W. J. 



Havre. 



Churchjards, Epitaphs (Vol. ii., p. 56.). — I beg 

 to submit the I'oUowing observations in answer to 

 the Queries under this head. 



Fairs, anil also markets, were held in church- 

 yards uniil put a stop to in 1285 by an enactment 

 in the 13 Edw. I. c. 6. : — 



" E comiunde le rey e defend qe ft'ire ne marche ne 

 seieiit tenuz en cimeter pur honui- de stint eglise." 



Previous to the passing of this act, the king had 

 forbidden the keeping of Northampton fair in tlie 

 church oi- churchyard of All Saints in that town; 

 and Bishop Grostete, following the monarch's 

 example, had sent instructions tlirough the whole 

 diocese of Lincoln, proliil)iting fairs lo be kept in 

 such sacred |)laces. (See Hum's Ecrl. Law, tit. 

 "Clnirch," ed. 1788.) Fairs and markets were 

 usually held on Sunilay, until the 27 Hen. VI. c. 5. 

 (irdiM-ed the discontinuing of this custom, wiih 

 trilling exccjitioiis. AiJpcndcil to the fourth R<.'- 

 port of the Lirn'ohisliire .Vrchitectuial Society is 

 a paper by Mr. Iilo.\am on "Churchyard Monu- 

 ments," from which it ap[)i-ars that in the church- 

 yards of Cumberlan<l and Cornwall, and in those 

 of Wales, are several crosses, consiilered to be as 



early as, if not earlier than, the twelfth century : 

 that in the churchyards of the Isle of j\lan are 

 other crosses of various dates, from the eighth to 

 the twelfth century ; and that in some of the 

 churchyards in Kent, of which those of Chartham, 

 Godmersham, and Godueston are specified, there 

 are remaining some of the most simple headstone 

 crosses that can be imagined, most of which the 

 writer apprehends to be of the twelfth or thirteenth 

 century, though he adds, " there is no sutficient 

 reason why they should not be of later date." 

 Several other instances between the periods par- 

 ticularised are also given. The Report is not 

 published, but perhaps a copy might be obtained 

 from the printer, W. Edwards, Corn Market, 

 Louth. See further the Archceological Journal, 

 passim, and Mr. Cutt's work on Sepxdchral Crosses 

 and Slabs. The privilege of sanctuary was taken 

 from churchyards, as well as from all other phices, 

 in 1623, by the 21 Jac. I. c. 28., which provides, 



" That no sanctuary or privilege of sanctuary shall 

 be hereafter admitted or allowed in any case'' (sec. 7.). 



Aeun. 



Umbrella (Vol. i., p. 415.; vol. ii., p. 25.). — 

 Seeing that the Query respecting this useful article 

 of domestic economy has been satisfactorily 

 answered, may I be allowed to mention that um- 

 brellas are described by the ancients as marks of 

 distinction. Pausanias and Hesychius report that 

 at Alea, a city of Aicadia, a feast called Scieria was 

 celebrated in honour of Bacchus, in which the 

 statue of the rosy god was carried in procession, 

 crowned with vine leaves, and placed upon an 

 ornamental litter, in which was seated a young 

 girl carrying an umbrella, to indicate the majesty 

 of tlie god. On several bas-reliefs from Persepolis, 

 the king is represented under an umbrella, which 

 a female holds over his head. W. J. 



Havre. 



English Translations of Erasmus' " Encomium 

 Morice" (Vol. i., p 385.). — Perhaps .Jarlzberg, 

 who seems interested in the various translations of 

 this admirable work, might like to knr>w of a 

 French translation, with designs from Holbein, 

 which I purchased some weeks ago at a sale in a 

 provincial French town. It is entitled L' Eloge de 

 la Folie, compose en forme de Declaration par 

 Erasme, et tradnit par Mr. Guendeoille, avec les 

 Notes de Gerard Listre, et les belles Figures de 

 JLilbein; le tout sur VOrigiind de IWcademie de 

 Bale. Amsterdam, chcz Francois I" Honore. 1735. 



W. J. 



Havre. 



Lady Slingsby (Vol. ii., p. 71.). — She was a pro- 

 fessioiuil actri'ss, who played under the name of 

 Mrs. ([irobably Miss) Mary Lee, from about 1672 

 to KiSO, alter which date she is called Lady 



