298 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 49. 



what, moreover, is the authority for identifying 

 sable with vair: or for tlie employment of either 

 in designating the highest rank of princesses ? 



Sandvicensis. 



Judas Bell, Judas' Candle (Vol. i., pp. 19o. 235. 

 357.). — Some time since I asked the meaning of 

 a Judas' Eell, and your learned correspondent 

 Cephas replied that it was only a bell so christened 

 after St. Jude, the apostle. Ilowever, it may have 

 been connected with the Judas' tapers, which, ac- 

 cording to the subjoined entries, were used with the 

 Paschal candle at Easter. May I trust to his 

 kindness to explain its purport ? 



" Reading Parish Accompts. 



"1499. It"\ payed for making leiig' Mr. Smyth's 

 molde wt. a Judas for tlie Pascal! - - - vjrf." 



" St. Giles' Parish Accompts. 

 "a. D. 1514. Paid for making a Judas for Pascal! 



iiijd." 



" Churchwardens' Accompts of S. Martin, Outwich. 



" 1510. Paid to llandolf Mcrcliaunt Vv'ux CliandiJer 



for tliG Pascal!, tlio tapers afFore t!ie Mode, the Cross 



Candelles, and Judas Caiidelles - viiijs. iiijr/." 



" St. Margaret's, IFesiminster. 

 " 1524. Item payed for xij. Judacis to stand with the 

 tapers ijrf. 0" 



Mackenzie Walcott, M. A., Oxon. 



Dozen of Bread; Bakers Dozen. — In the Chro- 

 nicle of Queen Jane, and of Tivo Years of Queen 

 Mary, lately printed for the Camden Society 

 (Appendix iv. p. 112.), it is stated that, amongst 

 other particulars in the accounts of the Chamber- 

 lain of Colchester, at which place Mary was enter- 

 tained on her way to London, there is: — "For 

 xxxviii. dozen of bread, xxxixs." In the language 

 of the county from which I write, " a dozen of 

 bread " was (and I believe is yet) used to express 

 either one loaf, value twelvepence ; or two loaves, 

 value si.xpence each : and even when the sizes 

 and price of the loaves varied, it was tised to ex- 

 press the larger loaf, or the two smaller loaves. A 

 dozen of bread was also divided into six twopenny, 

 or twelve penny loaves. 



But in the quotation above, thirty-eight dozen 

 of bread are charged thirty-nine shillings ; whereas 

 the extra one shilling cannot be divided into ali- 

 quot parts, so as to express the value of each of 

 the thirty-eight dozen of bread. 



What was a dozen of bread in 1553 ? 



AVhat is a bakei-s dozen, and why so called ? 



P. H. F. 



-Is anything precise known 

 origin of the Icelandic Kon^s 



F. Q. 



Kongs 

 of the date 

 skuggsia. 



slniggsia. - 



and 



name is met with in the legends of St. Thomas : 

 can it be found elsewhere ? F. Q. 



Satirical Medals. — Is any printed account to 

 be found of a very elaborately executed series of 

 caricature medals relating to the revolution of 

 1G88? F. Q. 



Coins of Gandophares . — Coins of Gandophares, 

 an Indian prince, are described by Prinsep, Jour. 

 Asiatic Soc. Bengal, and in Wilson's Asiana. The 



Mcpli'c:). 



GAUDENTIO DI LUCCA. 

 (Vol. ii., p. 247.) 



The work entitled The A/henturcs of Sig. 

 Gaudentio di Lucca was published at London ia 

 1737, in 1 vol. 8vo. It purports to be a transla- 

 tion from the Italian, by E. T. Gent; but this is a 

 mere fiction. The work is evidently an English 

 composition. It belongs to the class of Voyages 

 Imaginaires, and its main object is to describe the 

 institutions and manners of the Mezoranians, an 

 Utopian community, supposed to exist in the 

 centre of Africa. Sig. Gaudentio is able, by an 

 accident, to visit this people, by the way of Egypt, 

 and to return to Europe ; he resides at Bologna, 

 where he falls under the suspicion of the Inquisi- 

 tion, and having been brought befoi'e that tribunal, 

 he describes his former life, and his adventures in 

 the country of the Mezoranians. 



A second London edition of this work, of the 

 date of 1748, is mentioned in the Gentleman's 

 Magazine for Jan. 1777. There is an edition in 

 12nio., printed at Edinburgh, 17G1. And there is 

 another London edition, in 8vo., of the year 1786. 

 Copies of the editions of 1737 and 1786 are in the 

 British Museum. 



There are two French translations of the work. 

 One is of the date 1746, under the title of Memoires 

 de Gaudentio di Lucca. The second, of 1754, by 

 M. Dupuy Uemportes, speaks of the first having 

 been made by an Englishman named Milts ; but the 

 person and name appear to be fictitious. The first 

 translation is said by Barbier, Diet- des Anonymes, 

 No. 11,409, to have been revised by the Chevalier 

 de Saint Germain, who made additions to it of his 

 own invention. The second ti'anslation is reprinted 

 in the collection of Voyages Imaginaires, Amster- 

 dam et Paris, 1787, tom. vi. 



An anonymous writer in the Gent. Mag. for 

 Jan. 1777, vol. xlvii., p. 13., speaking of Bishop 

 Berkeley, says that the '■'■ Adcentures of Signor 

 Gaudentio di Lucca have been generally attributed 

 to him." 1'he writer of the note added to the 

 Life of Berkeley in Kippis's Biogr. Brit., 1780, 

 vol. ii. p. 261., quotes this statement, and adds that 

 the work is ascribed to him by the booksellers in 

 their printed catalogues. Tiiis writer thinks that 

 the authorship of Bp. Berkeley is consistent with 

 the internal evidence of the book ; but he furnishes 

 no positive testimony on the subject. 



