Nov. 30. 1850.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



443 



there is any place called Albemarle, wliicli gives 

 rise to these dignities, or why this title was 

 assumed by these iamilies ? J. 



JUUN, THE DROWNED CITY. 



(Vol. ii., p. 282.) 



It does not at all follow, that if a city perished by 

 the encroachment of the sea, it was a very striking 

 event at the time : it might have happened gra- 

 dually, not suddenly. Instances botli ways seem to 

 have occurred on the shores of the German Ocean 

 (see Lyell's Principles of Geology, ch. 16.). A great 

 flood happened in 1154 (Helniokl, p. 216. b. ii. 

 c. 1. s. o.), but it is mentioned with respect to the 

 oceanic rivers only, and not as to the Baltic, or 

 destruction of houses or buildings. 



But was Juliu drowned at all ? Ilelmold does 

 not say that it was, (his account is in Book i. c. 2. 

 s. 5.) ; and he does say that it was not, but de- 

 stroyed by a certain Danish king. It is most in- 

 conceivable that he should not have known who 

 the Danish king was, if it happened in his own 

 time. The passage savours of much later inter- 

 polation. 



Koch, Itivol. vol. i. p. 280., states positively that 

 Julin was Wollin, and was destroyed by Wal- 

 demar I. in il7o, for which he seems to rely upon 

 Helmold, or at least his continuator, Arnold. 

 Ilelmold liimself died in 1170. 



Saxo Grammaticus lived at that time, and was 

 probably well acquainted with the events, since 

 he was intimate with Archbishop Absolun, who 

 took part in them in a military as well as ecclesi- 

 astical sense. In p. 333. he says : 



" Waldeiiiar the 1st, goes with a fleet through the 

 mouth of the river Zn-ina, then to the liver which 

 adjoins Julin and Camin, and has its mouth divided 

 into two. There was a long bridge joining the wa'ls 

 of Juhn. The king having hmded ' ex adveiso urbis in 

 ripa Australi, pontem disjici jussit.' The king cleared 

 the way for liis fleet ; got to an island Chrisztoa ; 

 crossed the river and went to Camin. He went out to 

 sea by that mouth." 



This is given very much at length. 



All this is the geography of the present day, 

 and the names, if you read \Vollin ihv Julin. The 

 Oder e.xpands into a wide lake, siuit oil' Ironr the 

 sea by a bar of land, through which there are 

 three channels. The Zwein is the middle one of 

 the three ; that which passes by W'oUin and Kiui- 

 niin is tlie eastern one. 



in p. 347. he says : 



" Kex . . . classeni . . . Zuinsilnis ofitlis inserit, 

 Juliuique vacuas dcfensoribus acdes, iuccndio adortus, 

 reliahltata? mbis novitatem, itcrata penatiuin strage, 



consump^it Jiiliiienses, cum urbis u;e receuses 



ruinas, ferendo; obsidioni, iuhabiles cetntreut, perinde 



I 



ac viribus orbati, deserta patria, prassidium Caminense 

 pptiverunt, aliena amplexi nioenia, (]ui propria tueri 

 difiiderent." 



In p. 359. he says : The king " per Suinara in- 

 vectus, Julinnm oppidum, iucolaruni fuo-a de- 

 sertam, incendio tentat." 



Saxo mentions Juliu, p. 182 — 24.: " Xobilis- 

 simum illius provinciaj oppidum," under Harold 

 Blatand, King of Denmark, who reigned in the 

 latter half of the ninth century. He put a body 

 of troops into it, who became dreadful pirates. 



In p. 225. he says that the Danes compelled 

 them to give up their pirates, who were punished. 

 In p. 381., in the reign of Canute, son of Waldeniar, 

 there is an expedition against the Julinenses, the 

 result of which is expressed " Julinensium rebus 

 absumptis." 



In p. 382., the king sets out for Julin, but seems 

 to have attacked onlv Camin. "Waldemar died 

 in 1182, Canute, 1202 '(Koch.) 



Arnold (b. iii. c. 8. s. 4.) speaks of the Sclavi as 

 finally subdued and made tributary, about 1185. 



In the notes to Saxo (p. 197.) there is a long 

 extract about ^VoIlin^un, from Ch^'trseus, a writer 

 who lived 1530 — 1600, taken from the intbrmation 

 of a learned old man whose uncle was born there. 

 He says he went there to see, accompanied by 

 many of the principal inhabitants, the remains of 

 Julin, destroyed in 1170 by AVahk-mar. Wollin 

 he calls "mediocris civitas." From the ruins, it 

 had been more than a German mile round. Tart 

 of it was "ineditijre paulum colle." He speaks 

 of four monies, which had castles. He says 

 AYollin is " non aspernenda civitas," but not a 

 thirtieth part of the ancient size. C. B. 



I regret that my cpiestioner V., from Belgravia 

 (Vol. ii., p. 379.), sliould have felt aggrieved that, 

 upon his request fir my story, I shoutd have been 

 compelled to reply, in the words of the Ancient 

 Mariner : 



" Story ! bless you, sir, 1 have none to tell." 



As he seems, however, so assured that some 

 account of the destruction of a city of such opu- 

 lence and renown as Vineta must exist, I shall be 

 extremely liapi)y to learn it irom liim. I can 

 assure my friend V. that neither Kanzow nor 

 I\Iicra;lius (who has, however, a plan of the stone 

 pavement of its streets at the bottom of tlie Baltic), 

 nor Giesebrecht, in his Wendiidte Geschichteu 

 (Berlin, 1844, 3 vols. Svo.), know anything beyond 

 what I have stated. And as to a great port dis- 

 appearing in the ocean, without any cotemporary 

 notice, the instances are frequent ; as remarkable 

 a one as any occurs in oiu- own island, and at 

 a much later period; — Itavenspur, whieh was a 

 sc.a-p(n-t of the greatest importance, where certainly 

 Henry IV., and, as some say, Henry VJI., landed 

 from the opposite continent, to claim and contpicr 

 their crowns, and where the lather of Do la Pole, 



