338 
lo demas que le mandan con gran presteza.”— Sebas- 
tian de Couarruuias, 1611. 
“ Grumere.— El mozo que sirve en el navio para 
subir 4 la gavia y otrosusos. Tirunculus nauticus.” — 
La real academia Espaiiola. 
* Grumere.— Grumete he 0 mogo que serve como 
de criado aos marinheiros, sobindo pellos mastros até a 
gavea, etc.” Raphael Bluteau. 
We have a statement of the rank and ratings of 
the officers and men of a ship of war in the Sea 
grammar of captain Smith, 1627. 4to. The word 
in question, as a rating, had then become obsolete. 
The duties of the seamen are thus described :— 
“ The sailers are the ancient men for hoising the 
sailes, getting the tacks aboord, haling the bowlings, 
and stearing the ship. 
“ The younkers are the young men called fore-mast 
men, to take in the top-sailes, or top and yard, for furling 
the sailes, or slinging the yards, bousing or trising, and 
take their turnes at helme.” 
Now, a comparison of the definitions of the 
Spanish and Portuguese gromete, and the English 
younker, leads me to infer that the latter term had 
been substituted for grummett or gromet, and that 
the duties of both classes were nearly the same. 
If the above information should seem less pre- 
cise than might be expected, I must make my 
apology in the words which Edward Jorden ad- 
dressed to captain Smith on the publication of his 
Sea grammar :— 
“ Who can 
Deriue thy words, is more grammarian 
Than Camden, Clenard, Ramus, Lilly were: 
Here ’s language would haue non-plust Sealiger!” 
Bouron Corney. 
BEAVER HATS. 
Permit me to suggest that, in asking a question, 
it is often desirable that the querist should state 
briefly the amount of information he already pos- 
sesses on the subject. For instance, had Mr. 
“'T, H. Turner,” when inquiring after beaver hats 
(No. 7. p. 100.), stated, that he had met with the | 
mention of them as early as the time of Hen. III., 
I, of course, should not have troubled you with a 
notice of them in the reign of Elizabeth. Indeed, 
I owe Mr. Turner an apology; for if I had re- 
flected a moment upon the extensive antiquarian 
information of the querist, I should certainly have 
concluded that he must be well acquainted with 
the authorities I cited, which happened to be at 
my elbow at the time I read the query. Mr. B.Cor- 
ney (No. 19. p.307.) has supplied a beaver hat from 
Chaucer's Canterbury Tales ; we meet with another 
in his Testament of Creseide, v. 386., “in a mantill 
and a beaver hat.” We may therefore conclude that 
they were not unusual in Chaucer's time. I now 
think it very probable that beaver hats were in- 
troduced into this country as early as the Norman 
Conquest ; for we find mention of them in Nor- 
NOTES AND QUERIES. 
[No. 21. 
mandy ata still earlier period. In the “ Chronicle 
of the Abbey of St. Wandrille” (edited by Acheri, 
in his Spicilegium), we find, amongst the gifts of 
the Abbot Ansegisus, who died a.p. 833, 
“Cappas Romanas duas, unam videlicet ex rubeo 
cindato, et fimbriis viridibus in cireuitu ornatam : 
alteram ex cane Pontico, quem vulgus Bevurum nuncu- 
pat, similiter fimbriis sui coloris decoratam in orbe.” 
I do not conceive this cap to have been made of 
the skin of a beaver, for the term would then most 
probably have been “ex pelli canis Pontici.” 
This Chronicle contains several curious inyento- 
ries of the gifts of many of the abbots; in which 
we may see the splendour of the vessels and vest- 
ments used at that period in religious services, as 
well as the style of reading then prevalent amongst 
the monks, GastRos. 
Cambridge, March 11. 
[There is a Query which arises out of this subject 
which none of our correspondents have yet touched 
upon— What was the original meaning of Beaver, as 
applied to a hat or cap? and was it taken from the 
name of the animal, or did it give the name to it ?] 
REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. 
Anecdote of the Civil Wars.—In looking through 
your “ Notes anp Quertss,” to which I heartily 
wish continued success, I find, in No. 6. p. 93, a 
question which appears to be as yet unanswered. 
The story to which your questioner alludes as 
an “anecdote of the Civil Wars,” is a very beau- 
tiful one, and deserves authentication. 
I have a note of it from Dr. Thomas’s additions 
to Dugdale’s Warwickshire, which dates the occur- 
rence as having taken place Oct. 22, 1642, the day 
previous to the battle of Edgehill, and identifies 
the merry sportsman as Richard Schuckburgh, of 
Upper Shuckburgh ; who, however, on his presen- 
tation to the king, “immediately went home, 
aroused his tenants, and the next day attended the 
army to the field, where he was knighted, and was 
present at the battle.” Being out of the reach of 
books, I am unable further to verify the story; 
but it is to such unhappy rustics that your publi- 
cation is most acceptable. CW. Be 
[Thanks to the kindness of our correspondent 
“C. W. B.,” we have referred to Dugdale’s Warwich- 
shire (ed. Thomas, 1730), vol.i. p. 309., and extract 
from it the following proof that Walpole had autho- 
rity for his story. Who knows, after this, but we may 
in the same way trace from whence he procured the 
celebrated letter of the Countess of Pembroke, respect- 
ing which there is a query from Mr. Peter Cunningham, 
in No. 2. p. 28. 
“ As king Charles the First marehed to Edgeot, near 
Banbury, on 22nd Oct., 1642, he saw him hunting in 
the fields not far from Shuckborough, with a very good 
pack of hounds, upon which it is reported, that he 
fetched a deep sigh, and asked who that gentleman was 
that hunted so merrily that morning, when he was go- 
ing to fight for his crown and dignity. And being told 
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