April 5. 1851.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



269 



tie of affection and favoritism, from fathers to the 

 eldest daughter, and from mothers to the eldest 

 son; and the pedigree oi Jane, Countess of Charles, 

 sixth Earl of Westmoreland, stands thus: — 



Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingliam ; great, 

 good, and accjraplishfd, and fell a victim to L'nvy.= 



\st Dau. EuzABETH, wife of Thomas Howard, third 

 Duke of Norfolk. = 



1st Son. Henry JIoward, Enil of Surry, ths poet; 

 great, good, and accomplished, and fell a victim to 

 envy = as physical lieir of his mat. grandfather. 



\st Dau. Ja.ve, wife of Charles Neville, sixth Earl of 

 Westmoreland (and qu. the authoress in question?). 



Besides being eldest daughter of the celebrated 

 poet, the said Jane, Ccmntess of Westmoreland, 

 was sister of Henry Howard, the learned Earl of 

 Northampton, her father's younger son — (some 

 younger son, like eldest daughters, generally in- 

 heriting, physically, in some prominent feature, 

 from tiie father). ^Viiliam D'Oyly Bayley. 



ilfplte^ ta iHinar eaxiprtrS. 

 Ulm Manuscript (Vol. iii., pp. GO. 191.).— In ad- 

 dition to the informal ion supplied by Ma. Foss, it 

 may be mentioned that tins manuscript is so called 

 from having been i-eferred to by Griesbach as the 

 CodfrUlinensis apud Gcrhert. This takes us to the 

 Iter Aleniannicum, ItuUcuin et GalUcum of Mai'lin 

 Gerbert, published in 1765, at p. 192. of which 

 work he informs us, that in the year 17uO this 

 nianus •rij)t was preserved at Ulm in the library 

 of the family of Kraft't, which consisted of 6000 

 volumes, [)rinted and manuscript. Of its history 

 from this period till it came into Bishop Butler's 

 hands, I am ignorant. Its reference at present 

 in the British MusL-um is MSS. Add. 11,852. ^. 



Father Maximilian Hell (Vol. iii., p. 167.). — 

 A querist is in conscience bound to be a respon- 

 dent; I therefore hasten to tell you that Dr. ^Vatt 

 (Diblioth. Britnn. iv. Magnetism, animal) should 

 liave written Hdl instead of Held. It was tliat 

 eminent astronomer, Maximilian Hell, who sup- 

 po<eil that magnets affected the human frame, and, 

 at first, approved of Mesnier's views. The latter 

 was at Vienna in 1774; and ])erhaps got some 

 parts of his theory fiom Father Hell, of whom lie 

 was afterwards jealous, and therefore very abusive. 

 The life of Hell in Dr. Aikin's General Biogi-aphy 

 is an unsatisfactory c()mj)ilation drawn up by Mr. 

 VV. .lohnslon, to whom we are indebted for the 

 current barbaiism no-culled. In that account 

 there is not one word on Hell's Treuli.'ie on Arti- 



_ficial 3fugnet.i, \ienna, 1763; in which the germ 

 of animal magnetism may probably be found. 



EsGASTRliMYTHUS. 



Meaning of " strained" as used by Shakspeai-e 

 (Vol. iii., p. i85.). — The context of the passage 

 quoted by L. S. explains the sense in which Sliak- 

 speare used the word "strain'd:" 

 " Portia. Then must the Jew be merciful. 



Sliylock. On what compulsion inust 1 ? tell me that. 



Portia. The quality of mercy is not strain'd," &c. 

 that is, there is nothing forced, nothing of com- 

 pulsion in the quality of mercy. 



Johnson gives : " To strain, to force, to con- 

 strain." Q. D. 



L. S. will find his difficulty solved by Johnson's 

 Dictionary (a work to which he himself refers), if 

 he compares the following quotation with Portia's 

 reply to Shylock : — 



" He talks and plays with F.Ttima, but his mirth 

 Is forced and strained," &c. 



Egdof. 



[We liave also to thank, for replying to this Query, 

 our correspondents R. F., !l. T. G. H., F. K , J. H. 

 Kershaw, C. M., Y., E. N. W., C. D. Lamont, and 

 also Mr. Skow, who remarks that " actresses rarely 

 commence this speech satisfictorily, or give, or seem 

 to feel, the point of contrast between the must and no 

 ynust, the compulsion and no compulsion. In fact, the 

 whole of it is usually mouthed out, without much re- 

 ference to Shylock or tlie play, as if it had been learned 

 by rote from a school speech-book. Hazlitt says, in 

 his C/iaracters of SItakspeares Plays, ' The speech 

 about mercy is very well, but there are a thousand 

 finer ones in Shakspeare.' "j 



Headings of Chapters in English Bibles (Vol. iii., 

 p. 141.). — The suunnaries of the contents of each 

 chapter, as found in the authorised editions of our 

 Eni^lish Bible, were prefixed by Miles Smith, 

 bishop of Gloucester, one of the original transla- 

 tors, who also wrote the preface, and, in conjunc- 

 tion with Bishop Bilson, finally reviewed the 

 whole w(n-k. Your correspondent will find full 

 answers to his other queries in Stackhouse and 

 Tonilins; in Johnson's History of English Trans- 

 lations, &c. ; and in T. H. Home's Introduction. 



COWGILL. 



■NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. 



The author of The Histori/ of the Church of Home 

 to the. end of the Episcopite of Damasus, a.d. 384, which 

 ha>- just been published by Messrs. Longman, well re- 

 marks, " that he is not aware that there is any account 

 of the Church of Rome, framed on the simple and 

 obvious principle of merely collecting and arranging 

 the testimony of history with regard to facts, and so 

 presented to the reader as that lie should have a right 

 to believe that when he has read what is before him, he 



