April 26. 1851.] 



NOTES AND QUEEIES. 



327 



Notwithstanding the opinion of Turner, and 

 most other historians, I venture to offer a few 

 facts in confirmation of the monk's testimony. 

 1. The names of phices on the Lower Rhine, and 

 more especially in Guelderland, point to an Ati- 

 glian origin : for instance, Engelanderholt, Eiige- 

 lenburg and Engelenberg, Angerlo olim Angelerlo. 

 Engeland, near Beekbergen, is mentioned in a 

 charter * dated 801 as villa Eiiglandi. Several 

 other places bear the same name : two near llar- 

 denberg, one in the land of Putten, another in 

 our parish ; which also contains H'nisclioten olim 

 Hengestschoien, and owes its own name to Wodffn. 

 Near Nimwegen, we have Horssen. 2. Many 

 local names in the same district, which can only 

 be explained by reference to the A.-S. Hidhesteiii 

 on the Zuyder Sea, Hulkestein near Arnhem, from 

 A.-S. hulc^ a dwelling : thus, stone buildings, 

 castles. Thri, A.-S., three, is mentioned in a 

 charter dated 855 as the name of a villa, now 

 the hamlet Drie, near Ermelo. Hiej-d and Heard, 

 from A.-S. hierde, perhaps also Hardewick or 

 Harderwyk from the same. Braclog, a wood 

 near Engelanderholt, from hrac, enemy, and 

 locen, an enclosure, is mentioned in a charter 

 (801). Lxintern and Liinhorst, from A.-S. Lun, 

 poor. Wigmond, from wig, war ; and mund, de- 

 fence. Ctdenburg, from ciol or ceol, a ship. 

 Klingelbeck, near Arnhem, from clingan, to shrink 

 up. Ysseloord from ord, a point ; and thus con- 

 fluence of two rivers, as we see also on the Rhine, 

 Roerort and Angerort. Herwynen, Herveld, Her- 

 nen, Herwaarden, Winden Delwyncn, Sennewyn, 

 can be explained "j" by A.-S. liei-e and loin. 3. The 

 agreement between the names of places here, and 

 those of every part of England occupied by the 

 Angles. Out of a great number of instances col- 

 lected by Mr. Molhuysen (see N^yhofT's Bijdragen, 

 vol. iii.) I will take a few. In Kent we have 

 Appledore, Appleton, Appleby ; here Appeldorn, 

 Appel, Appeltej'ii, Appelenhurg on the \Vahal. 

 Ashe and Ash ; Asch, near Buren, and others. 

 Barne ; Bern near Heusden, and Baarii near 

 Amersfoort. Barnefield ; Barneveld. Bonington, 

 Boningen. Dover ; Doveren. Gillingham ; Gel- 

 linchem. Ilearne; Hiern, near AVaardenburg. 

 Heme ; Hernen. Leisdon ; Lensden. Lone ; 

 Loenen. Sandwich; Sandwyh, hqox Tl'iq\. Watch- 

 ornc ; Waghorn, in the Velume. In Yorkshire : 

 Beel ; De Beelo, near Voorst. Byland ; Byland. 

 Campe ; Campen. Catwich ; Katwyk. Dodworth ; 

 Dodewaard. Ecopc ; Ueicop. Grimestone ; Grim- 

 meslein, on the Eem. Heck ; Eck. Hampall ; 

 Empel, near Engelen. Ilerfteld ; Ilervcld. 

 Ilewick; Ewyk, &c. &c. — The evident similarity 

 of names in this list, which might be extended 



* Bondam's Charler-hoek. 

 f See Gibson, A.-S. Chron. 



through several pages, affords at least a strong 

 presumption that a part of the land of our fathers 

 is to be sought here. I will just add that there 

 is a MS. containing copies of charters, registers, 

 &c., collected by Opstraeten van tier Moelen, a 

 genealogist, wlio died in the early part of the 

 seventeenth century, now in the possession of 

 Mr. Van Asch van Wyck. In this is an article 

 entitled " De Nobili et Antiqua Eamilia dicta 

 Amersfoort seu potius Heemsfurt vel Hemefurt a 

 vado Heeme seu Hemi fluvii." The writer makes 

 mention of the well-known grant of Charlemagne 

 to the cathedral of Utrecht, by which Liaidunum 

 (Leusden) and four forests on the banks of the 

 Eem were ceded to this church : Hengestschoien, 

 Fornese, Mocoroth, and Widoc. The writer con- 

 siders the last-named forest to be that of Wede 

 or Woden ; and derives thence the family-name 

 Weede. Concerning Hengestschoien is remarked : 



" Hengist, qui circum annum 450 Britanniam insu- 

 lara cum suis Frisonibus et Saxonibus occupat." And 

 further : " Weede nomen adliunc retinere videtur a 

 Woden, qui fait avus avi Ilfhgesti, sicut Httiyestschoten, 

 nunc pra?dium dominoruni Oestbroek, ab Hengisto 

 nominatur." 



Henschoten was ceded to the abbey of Oest- 

 broek in 1 130, and sold at the breaking up of the 

 monasteries ; and is now the property of Mr. Van 

 Asch van Wyck. Since, therefore, the above 

 extract must have been written before the Re- 

 formation, the belief that our forefathers pro- 

 ceeded from this country is by no means new ; 

 and the evidence in its support is, I think, stronger j 

 than that adduced by Turner and Lappeuberg in i 

 favour of an immigration from Sleswig; indeed it i 

 seems not improbable that the first settlers, with 

 Hengist at their head, sailed from the mouth of the 

 Eem. I have more to add in a future Number, 

 if "Notes and Queries" can afford me space. 



J. S. 



Wondenbcrg, April, 1851. 



Villenage. — Can any of your readers inform me 

 at what ])eriod villenage became extinct in this 

 kingdom ? I have now before me a grant of a 

 manor from the Crown, in the third and fourth 

 year of the reigns of King Pliilip and Queen 

 Mary, conveying, amongst other goods and chat- 

 tels, the bondmen, bondwomen, and villeins, with 

 their sequels, — " Nativos, nativas, e villanos cum 

 coz sequelis." According to Blackstonc, the 

 children of villeins were in the same state of 

 bondage with their parents ; whence they were 

 called, in Latin, " nativi," which gave rise to the 

 female appellation of a villein, who was called a 

 7i.eife. What I wish to learn is, whether the old 

 wording of Crown grants had survived the ex- 



