418 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 109. 



.presente(i by liim to the chancellor, durinjj their 

 imprisonment, when by order of Henry VIII. the 

 chancellor was denieil the consolation of his books. 



In the same library there is a fine Psaller, which 

 belonged to Queen Elizabeth. The Liwe (THeures 

 of IMary Queen of Scots was here also to be found : 

 " Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland." 

 It is conjectured these books were brought to 

 Douai by the fugitive English Koman Catholic 

 priests. In 1790 their collections were confiscated 

 and given to the public library of Douai. It 

 would be of interest to ascertain, if possible, the 

 authenticity of the Heures a r tlsrige, stated to 

 have belonged to Mary Queen of Scots. Upon 

 this point one may be permitted to be sceptical. 

 I have myself seen two. One of these, it was said, 

 had been used by Mary on the scafr(}id, and con- 

 tained a note in the handwriting, as I think, of 

 James 11. attesting the fiict. It was understood to 

 have been obtained from a monastery in France. 

 The other, a small Prayer Book MS. in vellum, of 

 good execution, had the signature " M." with a 

 line I think over it of " O Lord, deliver me from 

 my enemies ! " in French. I am, however, now 

 writing from memory, and, in the first case, of very 

 many years. 



Whether the line, "Maria, glorious martyr and 

 Queen of Scotland," be written in the Psalter, or 

 lias been added by the mental excitement of 

 M. Duthilloeul, the librarian at Douai, I cannot 

 decide. The grand culmination of " and Queen of 

 Scotland" forms doubtless a very striking anti- 

 thesis : but neither the possessor of the book nor a 

 priest would have so sunk the martyr, although 

 a woman and a queen were alike concerned, as 

 this line does. Lowndes states there is a copy of 

 the bishop's treatise on vellum at Cambridge. A 

 copy is in the British Museum; but the title, 

 according to Lowndes, has seven sermons. It will 

 be observed the title now given has ten. S. H. 



NOTES ON NEWSPAPERS. 



The social elements of society in the seventeenth 

 century were more simple in "their character and 

 development than at the present period. The 

 population was comparatively small, and therefore 

 the strivings for success in any pursuit did not 

 involve that severe conflict which is so frequently 

 the case in the present day. Society then was 

 more of a community than it is now. It had not 

 public bodies to aid it. It was left more to its own 

 inherent resources for recijirocal good, and for 

 mutual help. The temptations to evade and dis- 

 semble, in matters of business, or private and 

 public negotiations, were not so strong as they now 

 are. Its transactions were more transparent and 

 defined, because they were fewer and less compli- 

 cated than many of our own. We readily grant 



that society now, in its social, religious, and com- 

 mercial aspects, enjoys advantages immeasurably 

 superior to those of any former period ; still there 

 ai-e some tew advantages which it had then, that 

 it cannot possess now. The following advertise- 

 ments, from the newspapers of the time, will illus- 

 trate the truth of the foregoing remarks : 

 From a Collection for Improcement of Husbandry 

 and Trade. 

 Friday, January 26, 1G9]. 



"One that is fit to keep a Warehouse, be a Steward, 

 or do any Business that tan he supposed an intelligent 

 Blan that has been a Shopkeeper is fit for, and can give 

 any Security that can be desired, as far as Ten Thou- 

 sand Pound goes, and has some Estate of his own, de- 

 sires an Employment of One hundred Pounds a year, 

 or upwards. I can give an account of him." 



That a man having 10,000/. to give as security, 

 and in possession of an estate, should re(iuire a 

 situation of 100/. per annum, sounds oddly enough 

 in our ears. " 1 can give an account of him," de- 

 notes that the editor was a man well known and 

 duly appreciated. He appears to have been a 

 scribe useful in many ways. He was known, and 

 knowing. 



Friday, February 2, 1 (i^\. 



" A very eminent IJrewer, and one 1 know to be a 

 very honest Gentleman, wants an Apprentice. I can 

 give an account of him." 



In what sense tlie word " honest" must here be 

 taken it is diflicult to define. As an eminent 

 brewer, we should naturally conclude he must 

 have been an honest man. He is here very emi- 

 nent and very honest. 



Friday, March 16, 169 J. 



" Many Masters want Ajiprcntices, and many Youths 

 want MastiTs. If they apply tliemselves to me, I'll 

 strive to help them. Also for variety of valuable 

 services." 



Here is the editor of a paper offering his help 

 to masters and apprentices lor their mutiud gooil. 

 Let us suppose an advertisement of this kind ap- 

 pearing in The Times of our own day. Printing- 

 house Square would not contain a tiihe of the in- 

 dividuals who would present themselves for the 

 reception of this accommodating aid. In such a 

 case the editors (as it regards their particular 

 duties) would be cyphers, for a continuous absorp- 

 tion of their time would necessarily occur in the 

 carrying out of this benevolent offer. This adver- 

 tisement may be considered as midticm in parvo, 

 giving the wants of the many in an announcement 

 of three or four lines, connecting them with a 

 varietyof services which in those days were thought 

 to be valuable. How greatly are we assisted by 

 these little incidents in forming correct views of 

 the state of society at that period. 



The next advertisement shows the value set 

 upon the services of one who was to jjerform the 

 duties of a clerk, and to play well on the violin. 



