Dec. 13. 1851.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



475 



printed in Gotliic characters, and there is a copy- 

 in the Royal Library, Paris. CiiERicus. 

 Dublin. 



[ A copy is in the library of the British Museum, con- 

 sisting of two parts. Part I. is in Latin, and Part II. 

 in French, 4to., 1523.] 



Saint Richard, King of England. — -In the 

 Romish Calendar we find, on the 7th February, 

 amongst otlier saints, " Saint Richard, Kinc; of 

 England." Which of our Richards does tliis refer 

 to? I have never read in history of any of them 

 having been canonized, nor should I have thought 

 any of them at all a liicely candidate for that 

 honour ; but if such was really the case, I presume 

 that Coeur de Lion must be the man, and that his 

 valour in the Crusades was sulfered to outweigh 

 his many other unsaintly (jualities. 



J. S. Warden. 



Balica. 



[St. Richard was an English prince, in the Icingdom 

 of the West Saxons, which it is probable he renounced 

 that he might dedicate himself to the pursuit of Chris- 

 tian perfection. About the year 721,', on his way to 

 Rome, he died suddenly at Lucca in Italy. See But- 

 ler's Lives of the Sai7tts, Feb. 7.] 



Saint Irene or St. Erini. — Can any of your 

 correspondents direct me to where information 

 may be found regarding the Saint Irene or St. 

 Erini, from whom the Grecian island of Santorin 

 talces its name ? 2. 



Bristol Dec. 1. 1851. 



[Irene, Empress of Constantinople, a.d. 797-802, 

 was one of the most extraordinary women in Byzantine 

 history. The Greeks have placed her among their 

 saints, and celebrate her memory on tlie 15th of August. 

 Consult Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Bio- 

 yruphy and Mythology, and Gibbon's Decline and Fall, 

 chap, xlviii.] 



i^CiiltC^. 



COCKNEY. 



(Vol. iv., pp. 273. 318.) 



The following passages collected from various 

 sources, will perhaps help to illustrate the origin 

 and the several meanings of tliis word Cockney: — 



Fuller's first sense is — 



" One coaks'd or cockered, made a wanton or nestle- 

 cock of, delicately bred and brought up, so that when 

 grown men or women they can endure no hardship, 

 nor comport with pains taking." 



" 'Tis not their fault, but our mothers', our cockering 

 motliers, who for their labour make us to be called 

 Cochneys." — Dekker, A Kniyht\ Conjnriny, 1G07. 

 " .-Viid when this jape is told another day 

 I shall be halden :i d.ilfe or a Coltmay." 



Chaucer, The Hcvi's Tale. 



The following extracts will show that to this 



first sense Fuller might have added, one abundandij 

 and daintilij fed : — ■ 



" Unlesse it be shortly considered, and that faukons 

 be broughte to a more homelyediete, it is ryght likely, that 

 within a shorte space ofyeares, our familiar pultry shall 

 be as scarse, as be now partriche and fesaunte. I speake 

 not this m disprayse of the faukons, but of them whiche 

 keepeth them lyke Cukeneys." — Elyot, The Governour, 

 1557. 



" Sjme again are in the other extreme, and draw 

 this mischief on their heads by loo ceremonious and 

 strict diet, being over precise cockney-like, and curious 

 in their observation of meats." — Burton, Anatomy of 

 Melancholy. 



Fuller's second sense is — 



" One utterly ignorant of husbandry and husnifery 

 such as is practised in the country, so that he may be 

 easily persuaded anything about rural commodities, 

 and the original thereof." 



He relates the old cock-neigh story, and adds ano- 

 ther jest of a similar kind : 



" One merrily persuaded a she-citizen, that seeing 

 malt did not grow, the good huswives in the country 

 did spin it ; ' I knew as much,' said the Cockney, 'for 

 one may see the threads hangout at the ends thereof." 



Shakspeare uses the wonl Cockney in this latter 

 sense in King Lear, Act IL Sc. 4. : 



" Lear. Oh me, my heart ! my rising heart ! But 

 down. 



" Foot Cry to it, nuncle, as the Cockney did to the 

 eels, when she put 'em i' th' paste alive; slie knapt 'em 

 o' th' coxcombs with a stick, and cried ' Down, wantons, 

 down ; ' 'twas her brother, that in pure kindness to his 

 horse buttered his hay." 



Cokcney was apparently use<l in very early 

 times to designate London. In the Britannia, 

 art. " Suffolk," Hugh Bigod, a rebellious baron in 

 the time of Henry II., boasts thus : 

 " Were I in my castle of Bungey, 

 Upon the river Waveney, 

 I would ne care for the King of Cockeney." 



I conceive that Cokeney in this sense is de- 

 rived from the Anglo-Saxon word cycene, a kit- 

 chen or cooking place. Nares, however, in his 

 Glossary, says : 



" Lo pais de cocagne, in French, means a country 

 of good clieer ; in old French coquaine ,- cocaiina, in 

 Italian, has the same meaning. Both might be de- ' 

 rived from coquina. This famous country, if it could 

 be found, is described as a region ' where the hills were 

 made of sugar-candy, and the loaves ran down the hills, 

 crying ' Come eat me, come eat me.' " 



Ilickes gives, in his Anglo-Saxon Grammar, an 

 ancient poem, describing the plenteous land of 

 Cokeney or Coknigne: 



" Fur in sec hi west Spaynge 

 Is a lond ihote Cocaygne 

 Tiler nis lond under hevenriche 

 Of wel of goodnis hit iliche 



